The relationship of surface plasmon polaritons and morphology of nanoparticles was researched by tailoring the particle′s surface morphology. Roughened silver nanoparticle was prepared by aqueous chemical method and further fabricated into composite structured metamaterial, the optical behavior of as-prepared sample was measured then. The experimental results are contrasted with the one of dendrites and smooth-surface particles. The results show that metamaterials effect does not appear in smooth-surface particles, however, the peculiar effect appears in flower-like particles and dendritic particles with lower and higher intensity, respectively. By altering the structure of a particle′s surface, the properties of surface plasmons can be significantly changed, and the manipulation on light propagation can also be realized.