Fig. 1. Schematic diagrams of skin-stringer structure dimension and dual-laser-beam bilateral synchronous welding. (a)(b) Schematic diagrams of skin-stringer structure dimension; (c) schematic diagram of dual-laser-beam bilateral synchronous welding
Fig. 2. Equipment of DLBSW. (a) Motion system; (b) Trudisk 12003 laser; (c) laser welding head
Fig. 3. Sampling position and dimension of the tensile specimen. (a) Sampling position of the tensile specimen; (b) dimension of the tensile specimen
Fig. 4. Macroscopical formation of the welding bead of DLBSW. (a) No.1 specimen, P=2.1 kW; (b) No.2 specimen, P=2.3 kW
Fig. 5. Cross sections of titanium alloy DLBSW joint. (a) No.1 specimen, P=2.1 kW; (b) No.2 specimen, P=2.3 kW
Fig. 6. Microstructures in different regions of No. 1 specimen. (a) Joint cross section; (b) upper transition region; (c) upper fine grain region and coarse grain region; (d) lower transition region; (e) welding bead region; (f) near lower fusion line
Fig. 7. Microstructures in different regions of No. 2 specimen. (a) Joint cross section; (b) upper transition region; (c) upper fine grain region and coarse grain region; (d) welding bead region; (e) near lower fusion line; (f) lower transition region
Fig. 8. Macro fracture diagrams of titanium alloy T-joint. (a) No.1 specimen, P=2.1 kW; (b) No.2 specimen, P=2.3 kW
Fig. 9. Z-direction tensile stress-strain curves of titanium alloy T-joint. (a) No.1 specimen, P=2.1 kW; (b) No.2 specimen, P=2.3 kW
Fig. 10. Macro and micro morphology of fracture surface of No. 1 sample. (a) Macro morphology of fracture surface; (b) equiaxed dimple; (c) elongated dimple
Fig. 11. Macro and micro morphology of fracture surface of No. 2 sample. (a) Equiaxed dimples; (b) exfoliated α' phase interface; (c) porosity defects; (d) EDS results
Composition | Fe | C | H | O | N | Al | V | Ti |
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Mass fraction | ≤0.30 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.015 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.05 | 5.5--6.8 | 3.5--4.5 | Bal. |
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Table 1. Chemical composition of TC4 titanium alloy unit: %
Material | Tensile strength /MPa | Yield strength /MPa | Elongation /% |
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Ti6Al4V alloy | 895 | 835 | 8.2 |
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Table 2. Mechanical properties of TC4 titanium alloy
No. | Laser power /kW | Welding speed /(mm·s-1) | Laser incident angle /(°) | Defocus quantity /mm |
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1 | 2.1 | 22 | 40 | 0 | 2 | 2.3 | 22 | 40 | 0 |
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Table 3. Experimental parameters of DLBSW of TC4 titanium alloy