Dy3+ doped Sr1-xCaxMoO4 phosphors were prepared by solid state method in the present paper. The crystal structure, luminescent properties and the effect of x on the luminescent properties were studied by XRD, SEM, excitation, emission and color parameters. The XRD patterns indicated that the samples were single phase of CaMoO4 and SrMoO4 when x=1 and x=0. It can be seen that the crystal size of samples prepared at 750 ℃ for 3 h were 0.2～1.0 μm, which was matched with solid state luminescent device. The excitation spectra monitored at 576 nm were composed of a broad band at 250～340 nm and a series of narrow band at 340～460 nm. The excitation peaks situation of CT transition and the excitation peaks intensity of narrow bands varied with Sr/Ca. The emission spectra excited by 350 nm were composed of two broad bands at 470 and 576 nm, which were attributed to the transition of 4F9/2→6H15/2 and 4F9/2→6H13/2. The emission intensity of yellow and blue emission varied with the value of Sr/Ca.