• Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences
  • Vol. 16, Issue 2, 2244002 (2023)
Fanyi Kong1, Xinyu Li2, Ruonan Jiao1, Kun Liu1, Xue Han1, Changkai Sun3, and Changsen Sun1、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, High-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
  • 2School of Electronics and Information Technology, Yat-sen University, No. 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
  • 3School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, High-Tech Zone, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
  • show less
    DOI: 10.1142/S1793545822440023 Cite this Article
    Fanyi Kong, Xinyu Li, Ruonan Jiao, Kun Liu, Xue Han, Changkai Sun, Changsen Sun. Suppression of transmembrane sodium currents on the freshly isolated hippocampal neuron cell with continuous infrared light[J]. Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, 2023, 16(2): 2244002 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Physiotherapeutic effects of infrared lasers have been proved in clinic. These infrared-based regulations of the bioelectrical activities can roughly be classified into enhancement and suppression of action potential (AP), which are described by sodium (Na) and potassium (K) transmembrane current equations, named as Hodgkin and Huxley (HH)-model. The enhancement effect is able to evoke or strengthen the AP when infrared light is applied. Its corresponding mechanism is commonly ascribed to the changes of the cell membrane capacitance, which is transiently increased in response to the infrared radiation. The distinctive feature of the suppression effect is to inhibit or reduce the AP by the designed protocols of infrared radiation. However, its mechanism presents more complexity than that in enhancement cases. HH-model describes how the Na current determines the initial phase of AP. So, the enhancement and suppression of AP can be also ascribed to the regulations of the corresponding Na currents. Here, a continuous infrared light at the wavelength of 980nm (CIS-980) was employed to stimulate a freshly isolated hippocampal neuron in vitro and a suppression effect on the Na currents of the neuron cell was observed. Both Na and K currents, which are named as whole cell currents, were simultaneously recorded with the cell membrane capacitance current by using a patch clamp combined with infrared irradiation. The results demonstrated that the CIS-980 was able to reversibly increase the capacitance currents, completely suppressed Na currents, but little changed K currents, which forms the steady outward whole cell currents and plays a major role on the AP repolarization. A confirmation experiment was designed and carried out by synchronizing tens of milliseconds of infrared stimulation on the same kinds of hippocampal neuron cells. After the blocked K channel, a reduction of Na current amplitude was still recorded. This proved that infrared suppression of Na current was irrelevant to K channel. A membrane capacitance mediation process was preliminarily proposed to explain the Na channel suppression process.Physiotherapeutic effects of infrared lasers have been proved in clinic. These infrared-based regulations of the bioelectrical activities can roughly be classified into enhancement and suppression of action potential (AP), which are described by sodium (Na) and potassium (K) transmembrane current equations, named as Hodgkin and Huxley (HH)-model. The enhancement effect is able to evoke or strengthen the AP when infrared light is applied. Its corresponding mechanism is commonly ascribed to the changes of the cell membrane capacitance, which is transiently increased in response to the infrared radiation. The distinctive feature of the suppression effect is to inhibit or reduce the AP by the designed protocols of infrared radiation. However, its mechanism presents more complexity than that in enhancement cases. HH-model describes how the Na current determines the initial phase of AP. So, the enhancement and suppression of AP can be also ascribed to the regulations of the corresponding Na currents. Here, a continuous infrared light at the wavelength of 980nm (CIS-980) was employed to stimulate a freshly isolated hippocampal neuron in vitro and a suppression effect on the Na currents of the neuron cell was observed. Both Na and K currents, which are named as whole cell currents, were simultaneously recorded with the cell membrane capacitance current by using a patch clamp combined with infrared irradiation. The results demonstrated that the CIS-980 was able to reversibly increase the capacitance currents, completely suppressed Na currents, but little changed K currents, which forms the steady outward whole cell currents and plays a major role on the AP repolarization. A confirmation experiment was designed and carried out by synchronizing tens of milliseconds of infrared stimulation on the same kinds of hippocampal neuron cells. After the blocked K channel, a reduction of Na current amplitude was still recorded. This proved that infrared suppression of Na current was irrelevant to K channel. A membrane capacitance mediation process was preliminarily proposed to explain the Na channel suppression process.
    Fanyi Kong, Xinyu Li, Ruonan Jiao, Kun Liu, Xue Han, Changkai Sun, Changsen Sun. Suppression of transmembrane sodium currents on the freshly isolated hippocampal neuron cell with continuous infrared light[J]. Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, 2023, 16(2): 2244002
    Download Citation