Fig. 1. Dual optical target recognition data processing flow
Fig. 2. Original image
Fig. 3. Binary image
Fig. 4. Results of the first digital morphological processing
Fig. 5. Large expansion calculation results of the main laser target
Fig. 6. The detailed parameters of two BLOB regions with the largest areas
Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of target recognition process
Fig. 8. Target recognition results
Fig. 9. Original images
Fig. 10. Preprocessed images
Fig. 11. Detect template edge image results from the left
Fig. 12. Detect the result of the edge image to be recognized from the left
Fig. 13. Searching for the best matching sequence in the edge image to be recognized
Fig. 14. Judging whether the image to be recognized is adhesive image from four directions
Fig. 15. Region segmentation effect of adhesive image
Fig. 16. Optical target recognition results for 5 different butt collimation images
Fig. 17. Identification process and results of a single valid target
Fig. 18. Identification process and results of different adhesive images
No. | Area | Center | Lenx/Leny | Region |
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| First | Second | First | Second | First | Second* | First X | Second Y | 1 | 10 053 | 10 857 | (140,154) | (139,155) | (132,126) | (135,129)* | (4,274) | (26,284) | 2 | 4 006 | 5 964 | (424,272) | (425,274) | (95,86) | (101,89)* | (324,526) | (184,362) | 3 | 122 | 356 | (454,302) | (416,215) | (19,14) | (43,20) | (373,459) | (194,234) | 4 | 109 | 170 | (424,211) | (425,222) | (23,7) | (23,9) | (402,448) | (213,231) | 5 | 70 | 106 | (425,222) | (421,322) | (17,6) | (16,8) | (404,436) | (313,329) | 6 | 33 | 80 | (421,321) | (449,326) | (10,5) | (15,8) | (433,463) | (318,334) | 7 | 27 | 79 | (403,221) | (484,271) | (9,7) | (10,9) | (474,494) | (261,279) | 8 | 15 | 28 | (484,270) | (365,273) | (4,6) | (8,5) | (356,372) | (268,278) | 9 | 8 | 23 | (449,325) | (395,312) | (6,3) | (6,4) | (389,401) | (307,315) |
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Table 1. First and second BLOB statistics comparison of BLOB details
No. | Area | Center | Lenx/Leny | mng_flagi | Region | X | Y |
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1 | 10 857 | (139,155) | (135,129) | 3 | (4,26)(274,284) | (4,274) | (26,284) | 2 | 5 964 | (425,274) | (101,89) | 3 | (324,526)(184,362) | (324,526) | (184 362) | 3 | 356 | (416,215) | / | 0 | / | / | / | 4 | 170 | (425,222) | / | 0 | / | / | / | 5 | 106 | (421,322) | / | 0 | / | / | / | 6 | 80 | (449,326) | / | 0 | / | / | / | 7 | 79 | (484,271) | / | 0 | / | / | / | 8 | 28 | (365,273) | / | 0 | / | / | / | 9 | 23 | (395,312) | / | 0 | / | / | / |
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Table 2. Comparison of target recognition results
No. | Center | Region | Is the center in a region? | Blobcount statistics | Recognition flag | Recognition results |
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| | | No.1 | No.2 | No.1 | No.2 | | | 1 | (139,155) | [4 274][26 284] | Yes | No | 1 | 0 | 1 | Analog laser* | 2 | (425,274) | [324 526][184 362] | No | Yes | 0 | 1 | 2 | Main laser* | 3 | (416,215) | [374 195][460 235] | No | Yes | 0 | 1 | / | / | 4 | (425,222) | [403 214][246 232] | No | Yes | 0 | 1 | / | / | 5 | (421,322) | [405 314][338 330] | No | Yes | 0 | 1 | / | / | 6 | (449,326) | [434 441][464 335] | No | Yes | 0 | 1 | / | / | 7 | (484,271) | [483 262][494 280] | No | Yes | 0 | 1 | / | / | 8 | (365,273) | [357 268][373 278] | No | Yes | 0 | 1 | / | / | 9 | (395,312) | [389 308][318 316] | No | Yes | 0 | 1 | / | / | Total | / | / | / | / | 1* | * | / | / |
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Table 3. Decision process of target recognition
No. | Detect direction | Template edge image | Best match serial | Is adhesive image |
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Start pos | Len | Start pos | Corr coefficient | joinleft…joindown |
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1 | Left | Y=107 | 129 | Y=82 | 0.999 0 | 1 | Yes | 2 | Right | X=107 | 129 | X=99 | 0.924 6 | 0 | | 3 | Up | Y=118 | 134 | Y=68 | 0.988 5 | 1 | | 4 | Down | X=118 | 107 | X=68 | 0.991 3 | 1 | |
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Table 4. Four directions to determine whether the image to be recognized is an adhered image
No. | Two largest BLOB | Two largest BLOB centers | Full BLOB | Center in blobcount with two regions | Recognition result |
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| No.1 | No.2 | No.1 | No.2 | | No.1 blobcount1 | No.2 blobcount2 | No.1 | No.2 | 1 | 11 234 | 1 690 | (239,235) | (473,242) | 6 | 1 | 5 | Analog laser | Main laser | 2 | 14 055 | 1 203 | (165,305) | (378,246) | 6 | 2 | 4 | Analog laser | Main laser | 3 | 10 857 | 5 964 | (139,155) | (425,274) | 9 | 1 | 8 | Analog laser | Main laser | 4 | 14 304 | 2 012 | (431,152) | (186,423) | 3 | 1 | 2 | Analog laser | Main laser | 5 | 6 031 | 1 990 | (425,274) | (195,424) | 10 | 9 | 1 | Main laser | Analog light |
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Table 5. Optical target recognition results for 5 different butt collimation images
No. | Image name | Binarization | Corrosion | Expansion | Feature extraction | Target separation | Time |
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1 | Image1.bmp | 0.016 | 0.234 | 0.219 | 0.078 | 0.109 | 0.656 | 2 | Image2.bmp | 0.094 | 0.063 | 0.187 | 0.047 | 0.094 | 0.485 | 3 | Image3.bmp | 0.094 | 0.141 | 0.218 | 0.094 | 0.156 | 0.703 | 4 | Image4.bmp | 0.016 | 0.063 | 0.187 | 0.047 | 0.031 | 0.344 | 5 | Image5.bmp | 0.016 | 0.063 | 0.281 | 0.094 | 0.156 | 0.610 | Mean | / | 0.047 2 | 0.112 8 | 0.218 4 | 0.070 5 | 0.109 2 | 0.559 6 |
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Table 6. Processing time performance analysis of multi-optical target recognition algorithm
| Correlation coefficient | join_flags in 4 directions | join flag | single flag | Recognize result |
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Adhesion image | rleft=0.999 0 rright=0.924 6 rup=0.988 5 rdown=0.991 3 | joinleft=1 joinright=0 joinup=1 joindown=1 | 1 | 1 | Single adhesion image | Analog laser image | rleft=0.999 3 rright=0.999 0 rup=0.999 7 rdown=0.995 2 | joinleft=1 joinright=1 joinup=1 joindown=1 | 0 | 2 | Single main light target | Master laser image | rleft=0.566 2 rright=0.818 9 rup=0.789 2 rdown=0.887 7 | joinleft=0 joinright=0 joinup=0 joindown=0 | 0 | 3 | Single analog laser target |
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Table 7. Single valid target recognition process parameters
| Correlation coefficient | join_flags in 4 directions | Is adhesive image |
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Image1.bmp | rleft=0.999 3 rright=0.903 9 rup=0.855 1 rdown=0.994 6 | joinleft=1 joinright=0 joinup=0 joindown=1 | Yes | Image2.bmp | rleft=0.999 5 rright=0.926 2 rup=0.990 2 rdown=0.963 9 | joinleft=1 joinright=0 joinup=1 joindown=1 | Yes | Image3.bmp | rleft=0.999 8 rright=0.922 1 rup=0.910 4 rdown=0.930 9 | joinleft=1 joinright=0 joinup=0 joindown=0 | Yes | Image4.bmp | rleft=0.967 1 rright=0.990 0 rup=0.999 7 rdown=0.922 4 | joinleft=1 joinright=1 joinup=1 joindown=0 | Yes | Image5.bmp | rleft=0.966 4 rright=0.989 4 rup=0.999 7 rdown=0.919 5 | joinleft=1 joinright=1 joinup=1 joindown=0 | Yes |
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Table 8. Recognition process parameters of different adhesive images