Miniaturized portable spectral imaging was increasingly used in daily life, providing more convenience for people′s lives. Citrus was one of the fruits that people often eat and store in their daily life. In the smart refrigerator, citrus was not conducive to identification and classification due to similar varieties. Spectral imaging technology used its characteristic wavelengths to realize its recognition. A new type of single-chip spectral imaging chip was used to build a compact and portable spectral imaging system. Spectral recognition technology was used to realize the classification and identification of citrus fruits, and cross-validation was carried out by batch samples, simultaneously establish the relationship between spectral resolution and accuracy, by constraining the spectral resolution, which effectively improved the classification and recognition accuracy of citrus fruits. Spectral resolution was less than 20 nm, and recognition accuracy could reach more than 95%.