Based on the theory of semi-analytical thermal analysis, thermal effects within a diode-end-pumped cubic Nd∶GdVO4 microchip crystal cooling from back surface are investigated. Based on the analytical theory of aeolotropies, a thermal model that matches the actual working state of the microchip crystal is established. Temperature and thermal distortion fields within the microchip crystal are analyzed and general solutions of the temperature and thermal distribution fields of the crystal are obtained by using a novel method to solve the heat conduction equation of anisotropic medium. Research results show that a maximum temperature rise of 69.6 ℃ and a maximum thermal distortion of 74.1 nm can be obtained in the center of the pump face when the Nd∶GdVO4 microchip crystal doped with 1.2% Nd3+ is end pumped in the center of the front end face by LD (the super-Gaussian order is 4) with an output power of 700 W, which is in agreement with experimental results. The method can be applied to other thermal analyses of laser crystals.