Urban-rural integration development is the key initiative to solve the problems of excessive income gap between urban and rural areas and unbalanced and uncoordinated urban-rural development, and it is also the inevitable requirement of rural revitalization. This paper discusses the connotation of urban-rural integration development, and constructs an evaluation index system of urban-rural integration development by entropy weight method. Based on these, it reveals the characteristics of the factor pattern of urban-rural integration development in Huaihai Economic Zone in combination of the methods of landscape analysis, spatial analysis and coupling coordination analysis, and explores the influence mechanism of urban-rural integration development combined with regression model, in order to provide a theoretical reference for the urban-rural integration development in the border areas of underdeveloped provinces. The results are as follows: (1) Urban-rural integration is the process of rebuilding urban-rural relationship. The comprehensive level of urban-rural integration development can be described from the connectivity of urban-rural space, the convenience of urban-rural transportation, the balance of urban-rural public services and the livability of urban-rural ecological environment. (2) There are great differences in the indicators of urban-rural integration development in Huaihai Economic Zone. The comprehensive level index decreases from the center to the periphery. According to the spatial correlation and index coordination, Huaihai Economic Zone can be divided into three types: coordinated development region, associated development region and divided development region. (3) The level of economic development, the scale of urban-rural areas, and the industrial linkage are the key dynamic factors affecting the urban-rural integration development. However, the development of traditional agriculture and industry, as well as the urban-rural population structure, have no significant effect on regional urban-rural integration development. The theoretical and empirical research on urban-rural integration development at the scales of town and village is an important direction of follow-up work.