Author Affiliations
1Collage of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200093, China2Shanghai Branch, China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Shanghai 200335, China3Jiangsu Institute of Urban Planning and Design, Nanjing 210036, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Sampled 253 residential quarters in Shanghai
Fig. 2. Kernel densities of single-nucleated patterns in city center and suburbs
Fig. 3. Kernel densities of three ribbon-shaped patterns
Fig. 4. Kernel densities of dual-nucleated patterns
Fig. 5. Kernel densities of multi-nucleated and decentralized patterns in city center and suburbs
Fig. 6. Spatial distribution of the patterns
Fig. 7. Spatial distribution of ribbon-shaped sub-patterns
Fig. 8. Average commuting distance of different patterns
Fig. 9. Principal attraction areas of different employment centers (central city, new towns, Pudong)
Fig. 10. Commuting patterns in principal attraction areas of different job centers (central city, new towns, Pudong)
Fig. 11. Employment spatial patterns for typical quarters with different distances from the subway station
Fig. 12. Employment spatial patterns for three resettlement residential quarters
Fig. 13. Employment spatial patterns for villa and regular residential quarters
Fig. 14. Dominant factors and referred area
名称 | 定义 | 作用 |
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通勤距离—概率分布 | 以1 km为基本通勤距离单元,不同距离的通勤人口分布 | 反映通勤距离分布特征 | 平均通勤距离 | 就业者通勤路网距离的平均值 | 反映就业远近的整体趋势 | 5 km内就业比 | 住宅区5 km范围内的就业者占总就业者的比例 | 反映就近就业情况 | 轨道交通沿线就业比 | 邻近轨道交通线路所有站点2 km以内就业人口占住宅区总就业人口的比例 | 反映轨道交通沿线就业趋势 | 内环就业比 | 在内环范围内的就业者占总就业者的比例 | 反映市中心就业核心依赖度 |
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Table 1. Parameters of employment spatial patterns
Table 2. Characteristics of employment spatial patterns
模式大类 | 样本数(个) | 模式亚类 | 样本数(个) |
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单中心 | 31 | 市中心型 | 8 | 郊区型 | 23 | 带状 | 147 | 连续型 | 54 | 间断型 | 32 | 连续—间断过渡型 | 8 | 弱带状 | 53 | 双中心 | 13 | 双中心 | 13 | 多中心或分散 | 25 | 市中心型 | 14 | 郊区型 | 11 | 过渡型 | 37 | 过渡型 | 37 | 总计 | 253 |
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Table 3. A summary of the patterns
模式类型 | 就业中心 | 轨道交通 | 住宅区属性 | 产生区域 |
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单中心 | ○ | | | 内环/新城就业中心核心作用区 | 带状 | ○ | ○ | | 内环就业核心+轨道交通综合作用区 | 双中心 | ○ | ○ | (○) | 内环就业核心+轨道交通+(住宅区属性)综合作用区 | 多中心或分散 | ○ | | | 内环就业核心+浦东多就业中心作用区新城就业核心+周边低等级就业中心作用区 | 模式内变化 | | | ○ | 通常在郊区 |
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Table 4. Dominant factors and referred area