In order to improve the system’s adaptability, detecting ability and accuracy of measurement, the system needs to adjust charge-coupled device(CCD) light integration time with automatic real-time large-scale according to actual light intensity. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics, the working process and the driven timing of the TCD1304AP type of linear CCD, the self-adaptive system of CCD light integral time real-time large range based on field programmable gate arrays(FPGA) was designed. The light integral time calculation algorithm was studied and analyzed. The EP1C20F400C8 as a hardware platform, and the algorithm CCD driven timing was achieved by the Verilog language. The design was compiled, and integrated by the QuartusII, and simulated by the Modelsim. The design was tested with natural light and LED light source. Experimental results indicate that the light integration time is from 10 μs to 10 s or above, the minimum adjustable time is 0.25 μs, and the system can meet the requirement of light real-time large-scale stepless adjustment.