Vibration is an essential mean of concrete compaction and forming. The effect of vibration directly determines the mechanical properties and durability of hardened concrete. Based on Stokes’ lawthis paper proposed a new method for measuring and evaluating the rheology of fresh concrete under vibrationnamelythe pulling-ball method. The correlation between the rheological parameters obtained by this method and those obtained by the rheometer at static state was analyzeddemonstrating the pulling-ball method’s reliability for evaluating the rheology of fresh concrete. The results show good linear correlations between the plastic viscosity and the yield stress obtained by the pulling-ball method and those obtained by the rheometer individually. Vibration can reduce the viscous drag force of cement mortar near the internal poker vibrator by more than 90% and effectively discharge large bubbles (pore size Φ>500 μm) and retain tiny bubbles (Φ<200 μm). Vibration substantially affects removing large bubbles with increasing air-entrained agent (AEA) content. When the AEA content roses from 0.015% to 0.030% (mass fraction)the decreasing of air void content with the pore size of ［500, 1 000) μm increases from 31.0% to 84.8%and those with the pore size of ［1 000, 2 000) μm increases from 103% to 36.4%.