The radiation damage in EC9706 cells by X-rays was studied. Laser Raman spectrum was used to analyze the change of structure and content of protein, nucleic acid and fat, while EC9706 cells irradiated by X-rays was cultivated for 24 h. The results show that the peak and frequency shifting are different from spectra of the controlled dose and reference groups. The peak in the controlled group spectrum vanishes in some dose groups'. The peak at 1114 cm-1 of ν(C-N) in the main chain of protein disappears in all dose group′s, the peak at 895 cm-1 of ν(Dr) only exists in 8Gy group′s, and the peak at 937 cm-1 only exists in 12Gy group’s. In addition, the C=C vibration peak at 1523 cm-1 β-carotenoid combining cell film only exists in 6Gy group′s. The preferable dose of X-rays can be found by analyzing the variety of the above-mentioned peaks in some dose groups'.