The extraction and research of cultural relic’s information played an important role in revealing the historical information of human society and culture. We could not only understand the ancient technological features to explore the origin and development process of cultural relics making technology, but also carry out disease investigation and analysis to provide valuable information for the protection of cultural relics. Because of the scarcity and non-renewable nature of cultural relics, it was very important to explore and apply modern nondestructive analysis technology for cultural relic’s research and protection. In this article the common methods and the application status of nondestructive analysis of cultural relics were introduced, which were based on the internal and surface image analysis methods. The applications of X ray photography technology, infrared imaging technology, CT technology, multispectral imaging technology and 3D Laser Scanning technology in imaging of various cultural relics were introduced, and then optical microscope and electron microscope in the analysis of surface morphology and microstructure of cultural relics were applied. Followed is the application of chemical composition of X ray fluorescence spectroscopy and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, finally the micro XRD phase analysis, IR reflective material structure analysis and micro Raman spectra analysis on the material structure used in the analysis of material structure. Moreover the advantages and limitations of each technology were preliminarily analyzed. Expecting with the continuous improvement of the technology research, the nondestructive analysis technology in the future will be developing towards miniaturization, automation and portability which have a very broad application prospects in the research and protection of cultural relics.