UAV formation topology optimization is of great significance for improving the coordination of UAV cluster task execution and communication transmission efficiency.Firstlythe index of residual energy imbalance of UAV formation is proposed.Based on the length of formation communication chainthe influence factors of network delay and residual energy imbalance are brought into the generation system of UAV formation information interaction topologyand multi-objectives are considered comprehensively to optimize the UAV cluster information interaction topology.By constructing a satisfaction deviation membership functionthe goal programming model is established to realize the synthesis of multiple goals.At the same timethe multi-tree structure is used for classification in topology generationand the artificial bee colony algorithm is improved to solve the modelwhich can support the cooperation of large-scale UAVs.Finallythe formation composed of 16 UAVs is simulated and analyzedand the rationality of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm are verified.