Multi-level modulation scheme based on PAK algorithm for optical camera communications

Jing WU; Xuefen CHI; Fenglei JI; Keyu JIANG; Shaoqi CHEN; Shuai LI

doi:10.1007/s11801-022-1089-7

[1] HOAN N C, HOA N V, LUAN V T, et al. Design and implementation of a monitoring system using optical camera communication for a smart factory[J]. Applied sciences, 2019, 9(23):5103.

[2] LE N T, HOSSAIN M A, JANG Y M. A survey of design and implementation for optical camera communication[J]. Signal processing image communication, 2017, 53:95-109.

[3] CHOW C W, CHEN C Y, CHEN S H. Enhancement of signal performance in LED visible light communications using mobile phone camera[J]. Photonics journal IEEE, 2015, 7(5):1-7.

[4] LIANG K, CHOW C W, YANG L, et al. Thresholding schemes for visible light communications with CMOS camera using entropy-based algorithms[J]. Optics express, 2016, 24(22):25641.

[5] RACHIM V P, CHUNG W Y. Multilevel intensity-modulation for rolling shutter-based optical camera communication[J]. IEEE photonics technology letters, 2018, 30(10):903-906.

[6] DANAKIS C, AFGANI M, POVEY G, et al. Using a CMOS camera sensor for visible light communication[C]//IEEE Globecom Workshops, December 3-7, 2012, Anaheim, CA, USA. New York:IEEE, 2012: 1244-1248.

[7] NGUYEN T, CHANG H H, LE N T, et al. High-speed asynchronous optical camera communication using LED and rolling shutter camera[C]//2015 Seventh International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks, July 7-10, 2015, Sapporo, Japan. New York: IEEE, 2015:214-219.

[8] RACHIM V P, JIANG Y, LEE H S, et al. Demonstration of long-distance hazard-free wearable EEG monitoring system using mobile phone visible light communication[J]. Optics express, 2017, 25(2):713-719.

[9] JIN S, JING H, RUI D, et al. Multilevel modulation scheme using the overlapping of two light sources for visible light communication with mobile phone camera[J]. Optics express, 2017, 25(14):15905.

[10] LIN B, TANG X, ZHANG H, et al. Multilevel brightness modulation scheme based on a LED array and K-means clustering algorithm for optical camera communications[C]//17th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN2018), November 16-19, 2018, Zhuhai, Guangzhou, China. New York:IEEE, 2019:11048.

[11] YANG Y, HAO J, LUO J. CeilingTalk:lightweight indoor broadcast through LED-camera communication[J]. IEEE transactions on mobile computing, 2017, 16(12):3308-3319.

[12] SHAHJALAL M, HASAN M K, ISLAM M M, et al. A two-stage power allocation-based NOMA architecture for optical camera communication[J]. IEEE systems journal, 2020, pp(99):1-10.