A novel reversible watermarking scheme is proposed,which is robust against high-quality JPEG compression.By computing the difference between the means of two adjacent image blocks,employing it to embed the watermark,and using block histogram shifting to avoid overflow/underflow,this technique receives both losslessness and robustness.If the watermarked image does not change at all,the watermark can be extracted out correctly and the original image can be recovered losslessly.If the watermarked image is compressed to some extent,the watermark can still be correctly extracted for semi-fragile authentication.The scheme is successfully applied to three kinds of medical images and commonly used images.Experimental results show that the high visual quality of images,the pure payload,and the robustness of the proposed scheme against compression are acceptable for many applications,including semi-fragile image authentication.