A modified polarization bidirectional reflectance distribution function model was proposed based on the combination of the micro surface scattering model and the Kubel-Munk theory, which combines the mirror scattering and diffuse scattering to characterize the effect of the polarization scattering characteristics of the surface of the object on the extraction of the target polarization information. The mathematical model of complex refractive index, azimuth angle, detection angle and incident wavelength is used to inverse the complex refractive index of the base material. In combination with practical applications, a series of polarization detection experiments were carried out on the target surface under different influence factors by using FD-1665 polarimetric imager. Finally, the numerical simulation results are compared with the measured data. The polarization characteristic curve of the material is in agreement with the measured data. It shows that the revised model has high accuracy. The model can provide theoretical support for the follow-up polarization monitoring and target recognition.