Noninvasive glucose monitoring (NIGM) techniques based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) are affected by several perturbing factors, including variation of tissue temperature. We first design a temperature control module integrated with an optical scanning probe to precisely control the temperature of skin tissues. We investigate the influence of temperature on NIGM with OCT by correlation analysis at different depths of in vivo human skin. On average, the relative changes in attenuation coefficient ( μt ) per 1 °C of temperature lead to 0.30 ± 0.097 mmol/L prediction error of blood glucose concentration. For improving the accuracy of NIGM, this temperature dependence must be taken into account.