A probe of the common-path optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) is presented based on the wedge-shaped and angled fiber, which can achieve the phase interference for the backscatter signal, so that the cross-section imaging information of the sample under test can be obtained.Firstly, an optical path of the CP-OCT and its theoretical model of phase interference at the probe end are set up, and the relationship between probe size and interference strength is analyzed.Secondly, the optical fiber probe with the wedge-shaped end is designed, and the experiment system for the CP-OCT at the wavelength of 1550nm is built.And then, depended on the scattering rate of the sample, various probes with different angles are prepared and the system performance with different probes is analyzed.The experimental results show when the end of the probe is cut to a certain angle shape, the output splitting ratio can be adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the reference signal so that signal noise ratio can be improved.The research works lay the foundation for the establishment of the effective CP-OCT system.