In order to classify the gears and achieve high precision measurement results, a non-contact gear measurement system based on the laser vision is developed in this paper. The laser vision precision measurement method (LVPMM) is proposed to ensure the accuracy. Experimental results indicate that the gear measuring uncertainty is 2.1 μm. The precision can satisfy the gear measurement requirements for two-grade or under two-grade standard gears in industry, and can classify the gears very well.