The non-magnetic material closed photonic quantum well (PQW) and magnetic material PQW structures based on the non-magnetic material open PQW are proposed. The transmission spectra and the field distributions of these three PQW structures are calculated by finite-difference time-domain method, the quantized energy states are researched, and the feasibility of enhancing spectral intensity significantly by selfstructure is disclosed. It is found that the optical transmittance of the magnetic PQW is close to 1, and the energy loss is less compared to non-magnetic PQW. Compared with the closed PQW structures, the device’s volume can be reduced, the degree of free regulation of the energy band project can be increased, and more photon bound states can be obtained. The results show that the open PQW is the traveling wave well, and its capability of capturing photons is weak. However, the closed PQW and the magnetic PQW are standing wave wells. Their capabilities for capturing photons are strong, while the light field gradient of the material PQW is bigger.