In order to accurately determine the position of dangerous chemical gas leak, satellite positioning method is adopted according to the four-receive one-transmit inversion relation between the sensor and the sound source, without regarding the speed of the satellite and the difference between sending and receiving clock. The nonlinear overdetermined equations of sound source location are obtained, and an optimization algorithm combining Quantum Genetic Algorithm(QGA) and Fmincon constraints is proposed to solve the equations, which effectively solves the problem that other methods are easy to fall into local convergence. Experimental results show that compared with Least Squares(LS), Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) and QGA, the improved method has high convergence performance, high positioning efficiency and high positioning accuracy. Under the same condition, the method improves significantly in terms of important performance evaluation indexes such as Average Root Mean Square Error(ARMSE), Relative Position Error(RPE) and Bessel's Mean Square Error(BMSE).