Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy(THz-TDS) technology is utilized to measure the spectra of morphine hydrochloride raw material, four excipients, intermediate and pharmaceutical in 0.2-2 THz. The characteristic absorption peaks of morphine hydrochloride raw material appear at 0.75 THz, 1.17 THz and 1.76 THz, and the THz spectra change from raw material to pharmaceutical. The absorption spectra of intermediates and pharmaceuticals are highly consistent, indicating that the coating has no significant effect on the THzspectra of pharmaceutical. Morphine hydrochloride molecules are calculated by Density Functional Theory(DFT), whose theoretical absorption peaks are at 0.84 THz, 1.10 THz and 1.50 THz. The theoretical spectra are in good agreement with the measured spectra. This work provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the rapid identification of drugs by terahertz technology, and has good application prospects in the establishment of terahertz fingerprint spectroscopy and rapid identification of morphine hydrochloride.