The meteorologic parameters and atmospheric optical turbulence of three representative regions,southeast coast, Hefei zone, and northwest desert in China were measured. The typical characteristics of three measurement sites were analyzed on terrain and climate. The effects of different grounds on atmospheric surface layer turbulence were discussed. The estimating methods of atmospheric surface layer and free atmospheric turbulence were presented, and the optical turbulence forecast model was also considered. Bulk method has capability to estimate both over land and over sea. Comparison of C(2,n) measured and modeled and modeled can give consistent results after adjusting initial input data. The meteorologic parameters can estimate C(2,n) profiles.The free atmospheric optical turbulence of Hefei can be fitted by Hufnagel model.