An atmospheric correction algorithm of satellite image for turbid water of coastal areas is put forward using synchronous measuring MODIS data. Supposed that the atmospheric condition above the turbid water and the coastal areas is identical in a certain space range, this algorithm is to use the atmospheric properties retrieved by the turbid water coastal areas based on MODIS water pixel to make atmospheric correction by using the 6S radiation transfer model and taking account of the adjacency effect. Atmospheric correction was applied to QuickBird-2 imagery and CBERS-02 imagery for turbid water of coastal areas. The atmospheric correction results and the analysis of retrieval errors were given. The experiment proves that atmospheric correction of satellite imagery for turbid water coastal areas using MODIS data is efficient and adaptive without need of ground data.