The research on aspects of value simulation of optical fiber coupling efficiency is less currently, andthe inverse method of power spectrum such as Fourier transform method is used to perform value simulation. Theinfluence of atmospheric turbulence on laser beam propagation is described. Then Zernike polynomial method is usedto simulate and research on optical fiber coupling efficiency. For subsequent wave front reconstruction and adaptiveoptics system closed-loop control, the method has clearer physical concepts. So special optical aberrations can beselected to perform wave front reconstruction and control. And calculation method is simple relatively.