In order to investigate the capillary water absorption characteristics of recycled sand concrete, the influences of these factors, such as replacement ratio of recycled sand (0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 100%, mass fraction), fine powder content in the recycled sand (3%, 7%, 10%, mass fraction), water-binder ratio (0.37, 0.45, 0.58), type and content of mineral admixture and pre-wetting degree of recycled sand (0%, 50%, 100%) as well as silane immersion treatment, on compressive strength and capillary water absorption performance of recycled sand concrete were investigated. The relationship between pore structure and capillary water absorption coefficient of concrete with different content of recycled sand was analyzed. The results show that the capillary water absorption of recycled sand concrete in the two stages of 0~240 min and 240~1 440 min is linear with the square root of time. With the increase of replacement ratio of recycled sand and fine powder content, the capillary water absorption coefficient of concrete increases gradually. When the replacement ratio of the recycled sand exceeds 50%, the capillary water absorption and strength of concrete will be significantly affected. The capillary water absorption coefficient of recycled sand concrete decreases by reducing the water-binder ratio, increasing the pre-wetting degree of recycled sand, adding ternary composite mineral admixtures (15% fly ash+15% slag powder+8% silica fume) and impregnating the surface of concrete with silane. With the increase of replacement ratio of recycled sand, the porosity and critical pore size of concrete increase, which leads to the increase of capillary water absorption coefficient of concrete.