High-power LED headlights adopt fans for forced convection heat dissipation. Aiming at the problem that the size of the surrounding space of fans could affect the heat dissipation performance of headlights， finite element simulation， uniform design method and response surface analysis were combined to carry out the optimization research. Firstly， the finite element software FloEFD was used to study the influence of three design parameters on the heat dissipation performance of the high-power LED headlight air cooling system： the radial distance between the fan shield and the wall （A）， the distance between the fan inlet and the wall （B）， and the distance between the fan outlet and the radiator （C）. Then， the uniform design method was used to design the test scheme for response surface analysis， and the regression model between the three parameters and LED solder joint temperature was fitted， and the influence of the three parameters on the system heat dissipation performance was determined by Pareto analysis method. Finally， the response optimizer of Minitab software was used to minimize the LED junction temperature， and the optimal combination of three parameters was confirmed to be 8.4 mm for A， 16.3 mm for B， and 4.3 mm for C. Through the experiment of the best combination， it showed that the combination had the best heat dissipation performance. At the same time， the simulation and experimental results were consistent， verifying the reliability of the simulation.