With the increasing demand on higher precision control of beams in modern particle accelerators, higher requirements are raised for the design and survey of engineering control network. In this paper, the layout and survey scheme of the first-level surface control network for the engineering survey of High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) are introduced in detail. The permanent points of the surface control network are arranged in the tunnel of the particle accelerator building, and the vertical view hole is aligned with the instrument plumb on the top surface of the online station hall, and the observation condition of plane mutual view is formed, the transmission and contact of plane coordinates are realized. In the elevation direction, the communication between the leveling station and the elevation coordinates is realized by means of horizontal viewing holes and doors and windows. Therefore, the three-dimensional view and observation structure is formed, which is unique in the construction of synchrotron radiation light source in China, and effectively ensures the accurate control of accelerator orbit. The scheme that the plane control network adopts the GNSS control network and the corner network of the total station respectively is proposed. The elevation control network adopts the scheme of indoor tunnel ground and outdoor ground level survey scheme. Before the installation of the accelerator tunnel equipment, two surface control network surveys were carried out. The data processing was adjusted in plane + elevation mode, and the accuracy of the measurement process is verified by comparing different survey schemes, and the reliability is verified by comparing the measurement results of two control networks. The average point position standard deviation is 2 mm, which indicates that the survey results are reliable and meet the requirements of subsequent control network survey and equipment installation collimation. The stability of the point is improved by optimizing the design of permanent point marker structure. As HEPS requires high stability of permanent control points, through optimal design and special construction, the ultra-high fine and stable bedrock spacer pile was successfully built in the narrow tunnel space, forming a stable three-dimensional permanent control point for the storage ring. It provides a benchmark for long-term monitoring of beam orbit stability, and provides a reference for the subsequent construction of synchrotron radiation light source.