Emulsified oil spill is a kind of oil spill pollution form caused by the interaction between oil-spilled and sea water. This kind of morphology is different from other forms in laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection. Therefore, from the perspective of fluorescence spectrum, diesel oil and kerosene were used as the experimental objects to carry out the experimental study on the fluorescence characteristics of light oil emulsions. Experimental results show that the emulsification of light oil will go through different stages, and will have different effects on the fluorescence spectrum of laser irradiation emission with the constant change of oil-water ratio distribution. The comparative analysis of the spectral curves at different stages shows that when the excitation wavelength is 405 nm and the emission wavelength is 420 nm to 500 nm, the number of fluorescence peaks increases, the peaks increase or decrease, the peak ratio changes, and the fluorescence peak position shifts during the emulsification process. The changing characteristics constitute the rule of fluorescence characteristics of light oil emulsification. This regular pattern can provide some basis for LIF detection and identification of actual emulsified oil spill. Due to the difference of light oil components, the change degree under the same change trend of fluorescence characteristics will be different. In order to achieve the accurate monitoring of emulsified oil spills, it is necessary to combine with specific oil types.