Journals >Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
Contents
2009
Volume: 28 Issue 3
17 Article(s)
Export citation format
Research Article
NEGATIVE PHOTOVOLTAIC-RESPONSES IN HgCdTe INFRARED PHOTOVOLTAIC DETECTORS IRRADIATED WITH PICOSECOND PULSED LASER
CUI Hao-Yang, LI Zhi-Feng, MA Fa-Jun, HU Xiao-Ning, YE Zhen-Hua, and LU Wei
A transient negative photovoltaic-response behavior was reported in a pixel of the linear array of HgCdTe infrared photovoltaic detectors. When irradiated with a picosecond pulsed laser， the time profile of the responding voltage shows an apparent negative valley during the first 15 ns， then it evolves a positive peak.A transient negative photovoltaic-response behavior was reported in a pixel of the linear array of HgCdTe infrared photovoltaic detectors. When irradiated with a picosecond pulsed laser， the time profile of the responding voltage shows an apparent negative valley during the first 15 ns， then it evolves a positive peak. By changing the excitation laser energy， the transient photo-responses of the detectors show the similar time evolution profiles， no matter for the case of single photon absorption transition that the photon energy is larger than the bandgap or for the case of two photon absorption transition that the photon energy is smaller than the bandgap. Blocking the laser beam with an aperture to limit the irradiation area makes the negative photovoltage decrease and even disappear. By considering the p-electrode configuration in the linear array of the detectors， the negative photovoltaic-response has been attributed to the Schottky contact behavior of the p-electrode. Such a new phenomenon could be used in characterizing the Ohmic contact of the p-electrode in this kind of photodetectors， and its sensitivity is expected to be much higher than that of the conventional I-V measurements..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 161 (2009)
SHORT PERIOD InAs/GaSb SUPERLATTICE INFRARED DETECTOR ON GaAs SUBSTRATES
GUO Jie, PENG Zhen-Yu, LU Zheng-Xiong, SUN Wei-Guo, HAO Rui-Ting, ZHOU Zhi-Qiang, XU Ying-Qiang, and NIU Zhi-Chuan
Two type II superlattices (SLs): InAs(2ML)/GaSb(8ML) and InAs(8ML)/GaSb(8ML) were grown on GaAs substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy. High resolution X-ray diffraction showed the periods of the two SLs were 31.2 and 57.3 ， respectively. Room-temperature optical transmittance spectra showed that there were clear absorptTwo type II superlattices (SLs): InAs(2ML)/GaSb(8ML) and InAs(8ML)/GaSb(8ML) were grown on GaAs substrates by molecular-beam epitaxy. High resolution X-ray diffraction showed the periods of the two SLs were 31.2 and 57.3 ， respectively. Room-temperature optical transmittance spectra showed that there were clear absorption edges at 2.1μm and 5μm for the two SLs. The SWIR and MWIR photoconductor devices were fabricated by standard lithography and etched by tartaric acid solution. The spectral response and blackbody tests were carried out at low and room temperatues. The results show that the 50% cutoff wavelengths of the two photoconductors are 2.1μm and 5.0 μm respectively and D* bb is above 2×108 cmHz 1/2 /W for two kinds of photoconductors at 77K. D * bb is above 10 8 cmHz 1/2 /W for SWIR photoconductor at room temperature..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 165 (2009)
THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATION FOR THE EFFECT OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT PARTICLE SIZE ON REMOTE-SENSING REFLECTANCE
SHEN Fang, ZHOU Yun-Xuan, LI Jiu-Fa, and LIU Xiao-Li
An experiment for spectral radiation measurement was designed and conducted under the stable-controllable conditions in order to minimize the uncertain influences from in situ measurements in the estuarine water. Sediment particles from the Yangtze river estuary and the Yellow river estuary， as two typically turbid estAn experiment for spectral radiation measurement was designed and conducted under the stable-controllable conditions in order to minimize the uncertain influences from in situ measurements in the estuarine water. Sediment particles from the Yangtze river estuary and the Yellow river estuary， as two typically turbid estuaries in China， were sampled in the field， and screened and resampled in the laboratory. Furthermore， the quantitative relationships between the suspended sediment particle size and the backscattering coefficient and remote-sensing reflectance were theoretically analysed. The effects of the particle size of sediment on remote-sensing reflectance were experimentally observed. The results provide the basis for the modelling of case-2 waters and the parameterized expression of particle size in remote-sensing models..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 168 (2009)
DESIGN AND APPLICATION ON TEMPERATURE CONTROLLING SYSTEM OF 320×256 ELEMENT SHORT WAVE INFRARED FOCAL PLANE ARRAY
ZHANG Ming-Tao, XIE Ren-Biao, ZHU Lei, LIU Yin-Nian, and WANG Jian-Yu
According to the low-temperature and low-drift requirements for the HgCdTe SWIRFPA(short wave infrared focal plane array)， a temperature controlling system was designed and implemented based on thermoelectric refrigeration. The system has a good performance of small volume， rapid response， high precision of temperatureAccording to the low-temperature and low-drift requirements for the HgCdTe SWIRFPA(short wave infrared focal plane array)， a temperature controlling system was designed and implemented based on thermoelectric refrigeration. The system has a good performance of small volume， rapid response， high precision of temperature controlling and working stability. The experiment results indicate that the SWIRFPA can work at 195K with the steady error maintained within 0.1℃ by using this temperature controlling system， and at the same time the dark current and the noise level of the SWIRFPA have been decreased dramatically..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 173 (2009)
TECHNIQUES OF 8mm WAVE BAND SIGNAL DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION FOR TANK
ZHANG Yan-Mei, and ZHAO Zhi-Bei
The techniques of millimeter wave(MMW) detection and identification for armor target were studied. By comparing the differences of MMW radiation characteristics between the target and major interferences， a fuzzy recognition method was adopted to improve identification probability. The problem of how to choose characteThe techniques of millimeter wave(MMW) detection and identification for armor target were studied. By comparing the differences of MMW radiation characteristics between the target and major interferences， a fuzzy recognition method was adopted to improve identification probability. The problem of how to choose characteristic parameters was discussed for identification，and several characteristic parameters from 109 groups of experimental data were extracted. The matrix standardization of characteristic parameters was made and the characteristic parameters were weighted. A membership function was given. The memberships of all groups of experimental data relatively to target were calculated. The relationship curves among detection probability， false alarm probability and the threshold of membership were established by analyzing the histogram of membership for tank and interferences..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 177 (2009)
TETRAVALENT IONS DOPED LITHIUM NIOBATE CRYSTALS
KONG Yong-Fa, LIU Shi-Guo, LIU Hong-De, and XU Jing-Jun
The recent progress of HfO 2 and ZrO 2 doped LiNbO 3 crystals was reviewed. LN:Hf crystal has similar optical damage resistance as LN:Mg， but LN:Zr has much better property than LN:Mg. LN:Fe，Hf and LN:Fe，Hf crystals have both fast photorefractive response speed and high saturation diffraction efficiency. And the distriThe recent progress of HfO 2 and ZrO 2 doped LiNbO 3 crystals was reviewed. LN:Hf crystal has similar optical damage resistance as LN:Mg， but LN:Zr has much better property than LN:Mg. LN:Fe，Hf and LN:Fe，Hf crystals have both fast photorefractive response speed and high saturation diffraction efficiency. And the distribution coefficient of ZrO 2 in LiNbO 3 is close to one. These results indicate that the tetravalent ions doped LiNbO 3 will be the excellent nonlinear optical crystals..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 181 (2009)
RAPID MEASUREMENT FOR MOISTURE AND CALORIFIC VALUE OF STRAW BASED ON NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY AND LOCAL ALGORITHM
HUANG Cai-Jin, HAN Lu-Jia, LIU Xian, and MA Ling-Juan
Moisture and Calorific value， which are two of the most important properties of straw for energy conversion process， were predicted by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique and LOCAL algorithm. Firstly， the samples were evenly divided into 3 subsets according to the chemical values， named high， mid and low concenMoisture and Calorific value， which are two of the most important properties of straw for energy conversion process， were predicted by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique and LOCAL algorithm. Firstly， the samples were evenly divided into 3 subsets according to the chemical values， named high， mid and low concentration respectively， to build global partial least square regression(PLS) calibrations. Standard errors of cross validation (SECV) of the three calibrations based on subsets were lower than that of calibration based on the whole samples， which suggested that the variation of moisture and calorific value affected the accuracy of NIRS calibrations. Then， LOCAL algorithm was introduced to near infrared spectroscopy analysis for rapid measurement of the moisture content and calorific value of straw samples. By the use of LOCAL algorithm， the prediction accuracy is improved compared to the PLS and MPLS models for both moisture and calorific value of straw. It is therefore concluded that LOCAL algorithm has a broad application prospect in quantitative analysis of straw..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 184 (2009)
ABSOLUTE RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION OF FY-2C INFRARED SPLIT-WINDOW CHANNELS BY USING SEA BUOY DATA AND NCEP REANALYSIS DATA
ZHANG Yong, LI Yuan, RONG Zhi-Guo, HU Xiu-Qing, and XU Jian-Min
A method of absolute radiometric calibration for FY-2C infrared split-window channels by using sea buoy data and NCEP reanalysis data was introduced. In 2006， ten times remote sensing data were selected to obtain the radiometric calibration coefficients. The calibration results obtained from this new method were comparA method of absolute radiometric calibration for FY-2C infrared split-window channels by using sea buoy data and NCEP reanalysis data was introduced. In 2006， ten times remote sensing data were selected to obtain the radiometric calibration coefficients. The calibration results obtained from this new method were compared with the product brightness temperature provided by FY-2C. The results show that the biggest differences of the brightness temperatures at the top of atmosphere(TOA) obtained from these two suits of calibration coefficients are mainly located at the low surface temperature pixels， such as the top of clouds and snow covered areas， however， the calibration differences are small in the normal temperature pixels of land and sea surface areas， and the differences of TOA brightness temperature are mainly around 2K. This new vicarious calibration method can increase the calibration frequency and provide a methodological foundation for the real-time radiometric calibration of FY-2C infrared split-window channels..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 188 (2009)
FAILURE AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF INDIUM SOLDER-BUMPS FOR HgCdTe DETECTORS
WU Li-Gang, LIU Da-Fu, ZHU San-Gen, and GONG Hai-Mei
During satellite's working， HgCdTe mid or long wavelength infrared (IR) detectors cooled by the stirling cooler are subjected to thousands of repeated thermal cycles from below -173℃ to room temperature. Due to the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients(TEC) of different materials， thermal cycles can cause the During satellite's working， HgCdTe mid or long wavelength infrared (IR) detectors cooled by the stirling cooler are subjected to thousands of repeated thermal cycles from below -173℃ to room temperature. Due to the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients(TEC) of different materials， thermal cycles can cause the bonding's fatigue and failure， even cause the disfunction of satellites. By using the thermal cycle equipment (TCE-a) developed by SITP， the vaccum environment and stirling cooler's intermittent working modes were simulated， and two failure modes of indium solder-bump were discovered. And the finite elements method (FEM) was used to analyze the mechanism of bumps' failure..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 194 (2009)
FULL-POLARIMETRIC SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHAFF CLOUDS
LI Jin-Liang, WANG Xue-Song, and LI Yong-Zhen
Based on the spiral descending model of chaff， the effect of both rotation and translational motion of chaff on radar echo of chaff clouds was studied and the full-polarimetric spectral characteristics of radar echoes from chaff clouds were investigated by using statistical method. Firstly， spiral descending model of cBased on the spiral descending model of chaff， the effect of both rotation and translational motion of chaff on radar echo of chaff clouds was studied and the full-polarimetric spectral characteristics of radar echoes from chaff clouds were investigated by using statistical method. Firstly， spiral descending model of chaff was described， and the Sinclair matrix of a dipole with rotation was given. Based on the above analysis， auto correlation and cross-correlation functions of the Sinclair Matrix elements were investigated and further power spectrum and cross-power spectrum were derived. At last， some numerical results of radar echo spectra for randomly oriented and horizontally oriented chaff clouds were presented..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 198 (2009)
DESIGN OF INFRARED OPTICAL SYSTEM WITH SPECIAL DOME
CHANG Jun, LIU Li-Ping, CHENG De-Wen, and ZHAO Nan
An efficient approach of designing a special dome and its aberration corrector was presented. By using the method of Wassermann-Wolf differential equations， the optimum contour of the corrector was obtained through a macro program in commercial optical design software. This corrector reduces spherical aberration and coAn efficient approach of designing a special dome and its aberration corrector was presented. By using the method of Wassermann-Wolf differential equations， the optimum contour of the corrector was obtained through a macro program in commercial optical design software. This corrector reduces spherical aberration and coma which are introduced by the dome， thus it improves the imaging quality of the system. Actual program design of a special dome applying to infrared system was made based on the Wassermann-Wolf algorithm. It works in the spectrum of middle infrared with a field of view more than 3.5° and an F number of 1～2.5. A complex R-C form was adopted to make the final imaging quality meet the diffraction limit. The whole system satisfies the imaging requirements in the infrared wave band， and it has a high practical value..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 204 (2009)
IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES OF FRUIT TREES BASED ON THE SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE OF CANOPIES OF FRUIT TREES DURING FLOWERING PERIOD
XING Dong-Xing, and CHANG Qing-Rui
By using the spectral reflectance data ( R λ ) of canopies， seven species of fruit trees were identified during flowering period. Firstly， the identification capacity of six kinds of satellite sensors and four kinds of vegetation index was compared on the basis of resampling the spectral data for six kinds of pre-definBy using the spectral reflectance data ( R λ ) of canopies， seven species of fruit trees were identified during flowering period. Firstly， the identification capacity of six kinds of satellite sensors and four kinds of vegetation index was compared on the basis of resampling the spectral data for six kinds of pre-defined filter function and calculating vegetation index. Then， a BP neural network model for identifying seven species of fruit trees was established on the basis of choosing the best transformation of R λ and optimizing the model parameters. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) the order of the identification capacity of six kinds of satellite sensors from power to weak is: MODIS、ETM+、QUICKBIRD、IKONOS、 HRG、ASTER， (2)among four kinds of vegetation index， the identification capacity of RVI is the most powerful， next is NDVI， and the identification capacity of SAVI or DVI is relatively weak， (3)the identification capacities of RVI and NDVI that are calculated with the reflectances of near-infrared and blue channels of ETM + or MODIS sensor are relatively powerful， (4)among R λ and it's 22 kinds of transformation data， d 1 ［log(1/ R λ )］(derivative gap is set as 9 nm) is the best transformation for setting up BP neural network model..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 207 (2009)
SAR IMAGE DESPECKLING BASED ON ADAPTIVE WINDOW AND SHAPE ADAPTIVE-DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM
FENG Hong-Xiao, HOU Biao, WANG Shuang, and JIAO Li-Cheng
By considering the prior knowledge of SAR image in spatial domain and the property of coefficients in wavelet domain， a novel algorithm of SAR image despeckling was presented. An adaptive window was constructed and a uniform region for every pixel of SAR image was found by using local polynomial approximation-intersectBy considering the prior knowledge of SAR image in spatial domain and the property of coefficients in wavelet domain， a novel algorithm of SAR image despeckling was presented. An adaptive window was constructed and a uniform region for every pixel of SAR image was found by using local polynomial approximation-intersection of confidence intervals (LPA-ICI). Hard-threshold shrinkage despeckling was implemented with fast shape adaptive discrete wavelet transform proposed in this paper. At last， many despeckled samples were fused into a final despeckled SAR image according to the sparsity of regions. Experiments show that the algorithm proposed here has advanced despecking performance. Especially， reconstructed image has no unpleasant ringing artifacts， and it efficiently reserves point targets of original SAR image..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 212 (2009)
RESEARCH ON INFRARED IMAGING SIMULATION OF MIDCOURSE BALLISTIC OBJECT TARGET COMPLEX
LIN Liang-Kui, XIE Kai, XU Hui, and AN Wei
The simplified radiance model of midcourse ballistic target and the infrared focal plane model based on point spread function and target tail were presented. By integrating the calculations for target space position and the position in 2D focal plane projected from 3-D space， the imaging of midcourse ballistic object tThe simplified radiance model of midcourse ballistic target and the infrared focal plane model based on point spread function and target tail were presented. By integrating the calculations for target space position and the position in 2D focal plane projected from 3-D space， the imaging of midcourse ballistic object target complex in space-based infrared sensor was simulated. By analysing the simulation results， it was found out that the midcourse ballistic object target complex would give rise to new challenges for detection and tracking techniques of space-based infrared sensor. The methods to solve these challenges were given here..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 218 (2009)
CORRELATIVITY OF ATMOSPHERIC EXTINCTION COEFFICIENT AND REAL-TIME INVERSION COMPUTATION FOR MULTI-WAVELENGTH LASER
WU Rong-Hua, WANG Jiang-An, KANG Sheng, and REN Xi-Chuang
The correlativity of extinction coefficients at different wavelengths was obtained by Mie scattering theory and the laser multipoint fault measuring techniques. The atmospheric extinction coefficient at the wavelength of 1.06μm was measured with the laser remote sensing back scattering hazemeter made by ourselves. ThenThe correlativity of extinction coefficients at different wavelengths was obtained by Mie scattering theory and the laser multipoint fault measuring techniques. The atmospheric extinction coefficient at the wavelength of 1.06μm was measured with the laser remote sensing back scattering hazemeter made by ourselves. Then the extinction coefficients at the wavelengths of 0.532μm， 0.86μm， 1.57μm and 3.47μm were inversely calculated real-timely with the correlativity of extinction coefficients at different wavelengths. They were compared with the measured extinction coefficient at the wavelength of 0.532μm. The results show that it is feasible to inversely calculate the infrared radiation atmospheric transmission and establish the infrared radiation real-time atmospheric transmission correcting model with the correlativity of extinction coefficients at different wavelengths..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 224 (2009)
CHIRPED AMPLITUDE MODULATION AND RANGE DIMENSION PROCESSING OF NEAR INFRARED SYNTHETIC APERTURE LADAR
HONG Guang-Lie, WANG Jian-Yu, MENG Zhao-Hua, LI Jing-Wen, TONG Peng, and SHU Rong
Synthetic aperture ladar(SAL) is a coherent imaging ladar which uses the the relative motion of aperture to the target and simulates apertures array with signal processing to obtain high transverse resolution. In this study， single frequency fiber laser source with narrow line width and coherent detection were employedSynthetic aperture ladar(SAL) is a coherent imaging ladar which uses the the relative motion of aperture to the target and simulates apertures array with signal processing to obtain high transverse resolution. In this study， single frequency fiber laser source with narrow line width and coherent detection were employed. Transmitted optical wave was modulated with chirped signal on amplitude， and the received signal was compressed on length. The relative motion between ladar and target changes the phase of echo. Phase compensation and integration were realized by correlation operation to increase azimuth resolution. A new work style was put forward. It is convenient for solving coupling hazy problem between the range and azimuth dimension. The experiment results show that the laser intensity is modulated by chirp RF， and the range dimension compress of synthetic aperture ladar is realized..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 229 (2009)
DETECTING INFRARED SMALL TARGET BY USING TDLMS FILTER BASED ON NEIGHBORHOOD ANALYSIS
CAO Yuan, YANG Jie, and LIU Rui-Ming
TDLMS filter can be used for small target detection. However， the limitation of the structure of the filter and algorithm has created some difficulties in the detection. Here a TDLMS filter based on neighborhood analysis was proposed which would improve the structure of the input window and incorporate new data processTDLMS filter can be used for small target detection. However， the limitation of the structure of the filter and algorithm has created some difficulties in the detection. Here a TDLMS filter based on neighborhood analysis was proposed which would improve the structure of the input window and incorporate new data processing blocks. In this way more information would be obtained and used around the target， and more remarkable detection effects would be gotten. Experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in detecting targets..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 3, 235 (2009)
© Copyright 2018-2021 | Chinese Laser Press. All Rights Reserved 沪ICP备15018463号-20