Journals >Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
Contents
2009
Volume: 28 Issue 1
19 Article(s)
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Research Article
THz EMISSION AND DETECTION OF ZnTe BULK CRYSTALS GROWN BY Te SOLVENT METHOD
WANG Reng, GE Jin, FANG Wei-Zheng, ZHANG Hui-Er, HU Shu-Hong, DAI Ning, LI Dong, and MA Guo-Hong
〈110〉 oriented ZnTe crystals were grown by Te-solvent method and tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering measurements. THz generation and detection characteristics of the Te-solvent-grown ZnTe electro-optic crystals were studied in detail in Terahertz-time domain spectroscopy. Our results show that the 〈〈110〉 oriented ZnTe crystals were grown by Te-solvent method and tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering measurements. THz generation and detection characteristics of the Te-solvent-grown ZnTe electro-optic crystals were studied in detail in Terahertz-time domain spectroscopy. Our results show that the 〈 110 〉 -oriented ZnTe crystals can emit high signal noise ratio THz signal pumped by Ti： sapphire laser, and the THz pulse＇ s width is over 3 THz at the room temperature..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 1 (2009)
SPECTRAL STUDY ON RESPONSE OF HgCdTe IR TWO-COLOR DETECTOR ARRAYSYE
[in Chinese], [in Chinese], [in Chinese], [in Chinese], [in Chinese], and [in Chinese]
Some recent results of spectral characteristic study of integrated HgCdTe (mercury cadmium telluride) infrared two-color detector arrays were presented firstly. Many further investigations of spectral and structural characteristics were fo- cused on SW (short wavelength) response of the preliminary two-color detection Some recent results of spectral characteristic study of integrated HgCdTe (mercury cadmium telluride) infrared two-color detector arrays were presented firstly. Many further investigations of spectral and structural characteristics were fo- cused on SW (short wavelength) response of the preliminary two-color detection arrays Which exhibited a narrow spectrum. The reason and solution of SW spectrum with small FWHM (full width of half maximum) were then found, and the proper spectrum of two-color detector with an improved structure was obtained. The results are as good as expected..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 4 (2009)
STUDIES ON 8mm SECOND HARMONIC GYROKLYSTRON AMPLIFIER
XU Shou-Xi, LIU Pu-Kun, ZHANG Shi-Chang, SU Yi-Nong, GU Wei, QIN Wen-Zhen, JIN Feng, XUE Qian-Zhong, and GENG Zhi-Hui
Theoretical research and optimization design of 8mm second harmonic gyroklytron amplifier were reported. A threecavity, second harmonic gyroklystron amplifier prototype was fabricated according to the results of numerical simulation. Initial experiments show a peak output power of 180 kW at 35 GHz with an efficiency ofTheoretical research and optimization design of 8mm second harmonic gyroklytron amplifier were reported. A threecavity, second harmonic gyroklystron amplifier prototype was fabricated according to the results of numerical simulation. Initial experiments show a peak output power of 180 kW at 35 GHz with an efficiency of 13% and a gain of21dB. A peak output power of 150 kW with a 3-dB bandwidth of 110 MHz (0.3%) at 58kV beam voltage and 25A beam current was obtained..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 8 (2009)
RESEARCH ON 3 mm RADIOMETRIC IMAGINGLI
Liang-Chao, YANG Jian-Yu, JIANG Zheng-Mao, and ZHENG Xin
On the basis of studying the principle of passive millimeter wave (PMMW) imaging, a compact 3mm super-heterodyne Dicke-radiometer was developed and the imaging experiment was done. An improved maximum-likelihood (IML) super-resolution algorithm was proposed in order to solve the inherent problem of poor resolution imagOn the basis of studying the principle of passive millimeter wave (PMMW) imaging, a compact 3mm super-heterodyne Dicke-radiometer was developed and the imaging experiment was done. An improved maximum-likelihood (IML) super-resolution algorithm was proposed in order to solve the inherent problem of poor resolution imaging, which was caused by limited aperture dimensions and the consequent diffraction limit. Experiment results indicate that the algorithm is able to complete spectral extrapolation, and enhance super-resolution performance and spatial resolution. The primary parameters of the 3mm band radiometer are given as follow： the center frequency is 91.5 GHz, the system band-width is 4GHz, the sensitivity of temperature is 0.55K and the linearity is 0.9999..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 11 (2009)
ANALYSIS OF DETECTION PERFORMANCE OF INFRARED IMAGE SEQUENCE BASED ON MULTI-SENSOR DATA FUSION ALGORITHM
ZHANG Guang-Ming, SHENG Wei-Dong, FAN Shi-Wei, and ZHANG Wei
Aiming at the problem of detection performance of infrared (IR) images, from the typical flow of multi-sensor data fusion algorithm, the relationship among the detection performances of single IR image, IR image sequence, and multi-sensor data fusion algorithm was deduced. The influence of single factor was also analyzAiming at the problem of detection performance of infrared (IR) images, from the typical flow of multi-sensor data fusion algorithm, the relationship among the detection performances of single IR image, IR image sequence, and multi-sensor data fusion algorithm was deduced. The influence of single factor was also analyzed quantitatively. Analytical results show that the detection performance of muhi-sensor data fusion algorithm is much better than that of single IR image and IR image sequence..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 16 (2009)
ONE-DIMENSIONAL PHOTONIC CRYSTALS CONSISTING OF METAMATERIALS BASED ON MICROSTRIP TRANSMISSION LINES
ZHANG Li-Wei, ZHANG Ye-Wen, LI Hai-Yang, HE Li, and WANG Zhi-Gu
One-dimensional metamaterials were realized by using composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH TLs) , the transmission properties of the photonic crystals composed of metamaterials based on microstrlps lines were measured and analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the photonic crystals possess BragOne-dimensional metamaterials were realized by using composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH TLs) , the transmission properties of the photonic crystals composed of metamaterials based on microstrlps lines were measured and analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the photonic crystals possess Bragg gaps and effective-single-negative (ESNG) gap, and the ESNG gap does not shift when the lattice constant varies by the same factor, and the edges of the gap are determined by zero average permittivity ε=0 and zero average permeabilityμ = 0, respectively. Zero-n gap and zero-φeff gap can be understood as an ESNG gap. The investigations of the photonic crystals consisting of metamaterials will benefit to the applications of the metamaterials in RF/microwave circuits and apparatus..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 20 (2009)
DETECTION OF BURIED TARGETS BASED ON MULTITEMPORAL INFRARED IMAGE
GAO Shi-Bo, CHENG Yong-Mei, ZHAO Yong-Qiang, WEI Kun, and PAN Quan
Since the existence of buried targets influences the surface＇ IR images changing with time, buried targets were detected by multitemporal infrared images. In order to denoise the exposal nioses of partial IR images, a method of kernel minor component analysis (KMCA) was put forward to denoise muhitemporal images and ovSince the existence of buried targets influences the surface＇ IR images changing with time, buried targets were detected by multitemporal infrared images. In order to denoise the exposal nioses of partial IR images, a method of kernel minor component analysis (KMCA) was put forward to denoise muhitemporal images and overcome the difficulty in choosing images automatically, thus, the good images could be attained automatically. Then a fuzzy kernel cluster algorithm with spatio and temporal restrictions (STKFCM) was proposed to detect buried targets based on multitemporal IR images, in which the index of temporal information was introduced to modify the temporal weight factor. At last, the position of targets and the number of classes were estimated by the results of classification. After taking the mechanism of buried targets IR images into account, the general characters of targets were obtained. This is an interesting study to detect buried targets by using the technology of IR..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 25 (2009)
STUDY ON THE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT PROPAGATION AT THE METAL INTERFACE
GU Wen, WU Yun-Hua, CHEN Yue-Rui, DAI Zhong-Hong, ZHOU Wei-Xi, ZHENG Yu-Xiang, and CHEN Liang-Yao
The noble metal Ag film sample was prepared by the RF (radio frequency) sputtering method. The complex dielectric function and the complex refractive index of the thick Ag film sample were measured by the spectroscopic ellipsometric method in the 1.5 - 4.5 eV photon energy region. The light refractions at the Ag/air inThe noble metal Ag film sample was prepared by the RF (radio frequency) sputtering method. The complex dielectric function and the complex refractive index of the thick Ag film sample were measured by the spectroscopic ellipsometric method in the 1.5 - 4.5 eV photon energy region. The light refractions at the Ag/air interface for a plane film structure were analytically calculated at three different wavelengths. From the calculation, it was found that the refraction angle at the air side is not equal to the initial incidence angle, which is against the experimental observations. The pseudo refractive index and the real refractive angle related to the wavelength, optical constant and incidence angle are always positive in the whole spectrum range. The results given in this work show that more experimental and theoretical studies will be required to understand the properties of light propagation at the metal interface in the future..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 31 (2009)
INFRARED IMAGE REGION MATCHING ALGORITHMS BASED ON PHASE CONGRUENCY TRANSFORMATION
GUO Long-Yuan, LU A-Li, and YANG Jing-Yu
Infrared images have higher noise and lower resolution than visible images. This makes it more difficult to achieve a better disparity image in infrared images by using the method based on region matching. After analyzing the phase congruency transformed image, a new region matching method was presented. First, the imaInfrared images have higher noise and lower resolution than visible images. This makes it more difficult to achieve a better disparity image in infrared images by using the method based on region matching. After analyzing the phase congruency transformed image, a new region matching method was presented. First, the images were transformed by phase congruency. Next, the images were matched based on region correlation. The experimental result indicates that the noise of images is restrained and the feature is more distiinct after phase congruency. The better matching results can be obtained after we use the region correlation on the changed images..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 35 (2009)
THERMAL EMISSION PROPERTIES OF A TWO DIMENSIONAL MEDIUM WITH NONLINEAR REFRACTIVE INDEX DISTRIBUTION
HUANG Yong, and WANG Jun
The radiative transfer solution method of a two-dimensional graded index semitransparent medium was developed. The apparent directional emissivity of the medium with nonlinear refractive index distribution was also analyzed. The results show that the numerical technique of this method has a high numerical precision by The radiative transfer solution method of a two-dimensional graded index semitransparent medium was developed. The apparent directional emissivity of the medium with nonlinear refractive index distribution was also analyzed. The results show that the numerical technique of this method has a high numerical precision by which the maximum relative error of apparent directional emissivity is less than 1.6%. Results also show that apparent emission of the medium has an obvious directional pattern. This phenomenon is named as a quasi-coherent thermal emission..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 38 (2009)
RADIATION CALIBRATION METHOD OF EARTH RADIATI ON MEASUREMENT NONSCANNER
LU Duan-Jun, WANG Mo-Chang, YU Yun-Jian, and HONG Xiao-Ju
Earth radiation measurement (ERM) nonscanner, which includes a total-wave channel and a short-wave channel, is a new type of remote sensing instrument in our country. There is an activity cavity detector in each of these channels. ERM nonscanner is used to stare the earth and measures the earth radiation budget from thEarth radiation measurement (ERM) nonscanner, which includes a total-wave channel and a short-wave channel, is a new type of remote sensing instrument in our country. There is an activity cavity detector in each of these channels. ERM nonscanner is used to stare the earth and measures the earth radiation budget from the low orbit satellite and its field of view covers with the edge of the earth. Being a quantification remote sensor, ERM needs a high prevision radiant calibration standard. The method of radiant calibration standard tranfer was proposed after considering the design of the instrument. At first, the totalwave active cavity detector was calibrated by a blackbody. Then, the totalwave active cavity was used to measure an integrating sphere source. At the end, the calibrated integrating sphere source was used to calibrate the short-wave active cavity detector. This method could enhance the calibration accuracy of ERM nonscanner short-wave channel..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 42 (2009)
SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS ON ADJACENCY EFFECT OF SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING PIXELS
WEN Xing-Ping, HU Guang-Dao, and YANG Xiao-Feng
The remote sensing image should be atmospherically corrected for quantitative application, while removing the adjacency effect is an important step in atmospheric correction. Removing adjacency effect depends on the knowledge of its main impact factors and mechanism. In this study, the main impact factors and mechanismThe remote sensing image should be atmospherically corrected for quantitative application, while removing the adjacency effect is an important step in atmospheric correction. Removing adjacency effect depends on the knowledge of its main impact factors and mechanism. In this study, the main impact factors and mechanism of adjacency effect were investigated, and the adjacency effect of different contrast targets in different conditions was simulated by using MODTRAN model. The results show that the visibility has the first important effect on adjacency effect; the satellite zenith angle has the second one; and the solar altitude angle has the least one. When the visibility is higher, the curve of relatively variable percentage of radiance is more similar to the curve of background radiance. But in the case of lower visibility, this phenomenon is not appeared. When the visibility is higher, the relatively variable percentage of radiance reduces gradually as the wavelength increases. But in the lower visibility, this relation does not appeare. It proves that as the visibility is reduced, its impact on the adjacent effect is more complicated. The results will provide the basis for removing the adjacency effect..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 46 (2009)
STUDY OF CONSTANT FALSE ALARM RATE CONTROLLING TECHNIQUE BASED ON FPGA IN LIDAR
OUYANG Jun-Hua, HUANG Geng-Hua, CHENG Peng-Fei, SHU Rong, and WANG Jian-Yu
The constant false alarm rate (CFAR) controlling technique of avalanche photo diode (APD) applied in Lidar was studied, and a CFAR controlling circuit based on FPGA was described. Our results show that it is capable of self-adjusting according to the background radiation by means of noise detection, and it can also maiThe constant false alarm rate (CFAR) controlling technique of avalanche photo diode (APD) applied in Lidar was studied, and a CFAR controlling circuit based on FPGA was described. Our results show that it is capable of self-adjusting according to the background radiation by means of noise detection, and it can also maintain constant FAR and make the APD in the optimum state of bias voltage. Experimental results indicate that this circuit can well realize CFAR controlling..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 50 (2009)
VICARIOUS CALIBRATION ON THE SENSOR OF WHOLE SKY INFRARED CLOUD MEASURING SYSTEM
SUN Xue-Jin, LIU Jian, and MAO Jie-Tai
In order to calibrate the sensor of whole sky infrared cloud measuring system(WSIRCMS) in operational period, a vicarious calibration method was proposed based on the clear sky infrared radiance field. The response rates and the offsets of the whole array were obtained by linear regression methodon the basis of the cleIn order to calibrate the sensor of whole sky infrared cloud measuring system(WSIRCMS) in operational period, a vicarious calibration method was proposed based on the clear sky infrared radiance field. The response rates and the offsets of the whole array were obtained by linear regression methodon the basis of the clear sky infrared radiance modeled by SBDART, and the DN values were observed. Our results show that the uncertainty of the response rates is 2.03DN unit/ (W·m^-2 · sr^-1), and the offsets have a character of normal distribution which can be considered as spatial random noise. The average error of temperature retvieved is within ±1.5℃ according to the validation of the blackbody test data, which can satisfy the quantitative applications of WSIRCMS..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 54 (2009)
INFLUENCE OF BACKGROUND RADIANT POWER ON THE SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO OF SPACE-BORNE LASER ALTIMETER
HUANG Geng-Hua, OUYANG Jun-Hua, SHU Rong, WANG Jian-Yu, and XUE Yong-Qi
The Chang＇ E lunar observation laser altimeter was designed to provide precise altimeter data to accurately map the lunar surface by measuring the time interval between the emission and receiving signal. The relationships of the background radiant power, the multiplication factor, and the optimum signal-to-noise ratio The Chang＇ E lunar observation laser altimeter was designed to provide precise altimeter data to accurately map the lunar surface by measuring the time interval between the emission and receiving signal. The relationships of the background radiant power, the multiplication factor, and the optimum signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving system were analyzed. The signal-to-noise ratio experiment for different background radiant power was conducted by using the integrating sphere. The influences of background radiant power and APD mutipliction factor on the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving system were validated. The integrating sphere＇ s simulation test shows that there are variant optimum multiplication factors to achieve the maximum signal-to-noise ratio under variant background radiant power conditions..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 58 (2009)
METHOD OF METHANE CONCENTRATION DETECTION BASED ON THE MODE-HOPPING OF DIODE LASER
ZHANG Yue, ZHANG Ji-Long, LI Xiao, WANG Zhi-Bin, and WANG Peng
Based on the mode-hopping of single mode diode laser, two different currents drive the laser alternately, the laser emits alternately two beam lights whose wavelength is differently, but closely. The first beam light＇ s wavelength is at the absorption peak of methane. The second beam light＇ s wavelength is a little shoBased on the mode-hopping of single mode diode laser, two different currents drive the laser alternately, the laser emits alternately two beam lights whose wavelength is differently, but closely. The first beam light＇ s wavelength is at the absorption peak of methane. The second beam light＇ s wavelength is a little shorter than the first one, which is not absorbed by methane, and it will serve as a reference light beam. The double beam will be converted into an electronic square wave after passing through the gas cell. The intensity of the double beam will correspond to the top and the bottom of the square wave respectively. The top of the square wave will vary if the methane concentration varies, but the bottom of the square wave will not vary because the intensity of the second light does not vary while methane concentration varying. Thus the amplitude of the square wave is proportion to the methane concentration. Because the two wavelengths are very close, the scatters or the losses caused by dust are almost the same after they passing through the methane, and they can be eliminated by mathematics. The result of experiment shows that the method can reach the sensitivity of 0. 05% even without using a phase-locked amplifier and the absorption light path is only 10 centimeters..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 62 (2009)
SAR IMAGE DESPECKLING BASED ON CONTOURLET DOMAIN HIDDEN MARKOV TREES MODEL
SHA Yu-Heng, CONG Lin, SUN Qiang, and JIAO Li-Cheng
Contourlet transform was introduced in the SAR image statistical property research work. Based on Contourlet domain Hidden Markov Trees Model, starting from image restore methods, a novel SAR image despeckling method was given. This method combined the SAR image despeckling technology with minimum mean square error (MMContourlet transform was introduced in the SAR image statistical property research work. Based on Contourlet domain Hidden Markov Trees Model, starting from image restore methods, a novel SAR image despeckling method was given. This method combined the SAR image despeckling technology with minimum mean square error (MMSE) and Bayes estimate. A new speckle variation estimate method was given based on Laplacian pyramid (LP). The results comparison with wavelet domain method were given. Experimental results show that the method represents better performance in speckle reduction and edges information detection..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 66 (2009)
IMAGE QUALITY EVALUATION METRICS BASED ON HWD
LU Wen, GAO Xin-Bo, ZENG Kai, and HE Li-Huo
A novel image quality metrics was proposed. Firstly, images were decomposed into subbands with different scales and directions by hybrid wavelets and directional filter banks (HWD). Secondly, in order to offer a uniform visual sensitivity to different scales and directions subbands for human perception, each subband waA novel image quality metrics was proposed. Firstly, images were decomposed into subbands with different scales and directions by hybrid wavelets and directional filter banks (HWD). Secondly, in order to offer a uniform visual sensitivity to different scales and directions subbands for human perception, each subband was masked with contrast sensitivity function (CSF). A rational sensitivity threshold was defined, and then the proportion of sensitivity coefficients in each subband was computed. Variation of visual perception coefficient between the reference image and distorted one was used to evaluate image quality. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed metrics agrees quite well with human performance. Thus, it can be used to describe the visual perception of image effectively..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 72 (2009)
MULTIWAVELET ADAPTIVE DENOISING METHOD BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM
[in Chinese], [in Chinese], [in Chinese], [in Chinese], and [in Chinese]
Aiming at the scaling of the noise after muhiwavelet decomposition and the characteristic of image, a multiwavelet adaptive denoising method was proposed based on genetic algorithm. This method can adaptivly look for the least RMSE of the denoised image according to genetic algorithm. The experimental results show thatAiming at the scaling of the noise after muhiwavelet decomposition and the characteristic of image, a multiwavelet adaptive denoising method was proposed based on genetic algorithm. This method can adaptivly look for the least RMSE of the denoised image according to genetic algorithm. The experimental results show that this algorithm is superior to the traditional methods. It can not only remove the noise of image, hut remain the better edge of image, and this method has more perfect denoising effects..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Oct. 09, 2021
- Vol. 28, Issue 1, 77 (2009)
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