Journals >Chinese Optics Letters
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2014
Volume: 12 Issue 1
19 Article(s)
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Lasers and Laser Optics
Graphene Q-switched 0.9-μm Nd:La0.11Y0.89VO4 laser
Shuo Han, Xianlei Li, Honghao Xu, Yongguang Zhao, Haohai Yu, Huaijin Zhang, Yongzhong Wu, Zhengping Wang, Xiaopeng Hao, and Xinguang Xu
Graphene saturable absorber (SA) is used as the passive Q-switcher of a 0.9-\mu m solid-state laser. When the laser medium is a Nd:La0.11Y0.89VO4 crystal, the initial transmittance of the graphene SA is 78%; at an absorbed pump power of 7.62 W, the maximum average output power, largest pulse energy, and minimum pulse wGraphene saturable absorber (SA) is used as the passive Q-switcher of a 0.9-\mu m solid-state laser. When the laser medium is a Nd:La0.11Y0.89VO4 crystal, the initial transmittance of the graphene SA is 78%; at an absorbed pump power of 7.62 W, the maximum average output power, largest pulse energy, and minimum pulse width are 0.62 W, 2.58 μJ, and 84 ns, respectively. This study shows that graphene is a promising and cost-saving SA for 0.9-\mu m pulse generation..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Dec. 25, 2013
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 011401 (2014)
Optimal beam diameter for lateral optical forces on microspheres at a water-air interface
Mincheng Zhong, Xi Wang, Jinhua Zhou, Ziqiang Wang, and Yinmei Li
Optical tweezers with a low numerical aperture microscope objective is used to manipulate the microspheres at the water-air interface. In this letter, we determine the optimal optical trap for the lateral manipulation of microspheres at a water-air interface. The experimental results show that the trapping force is infOptical tweezers with a low numerical aperture microscope objective is used to manipulate the microspheres at the water-air interface. In this letter, we determine the optimal optical trap for the lateral manipulation of microspheres at a water-air interface. The experimental results show that the trapping force is influenced by the expansion of the trapping beam at the back aperture of the objective. The optimal filling ratio of 0.65 is suggested for lateral optical manipulation at the water-air interface. The lateral trapping forces at the water-air interface are theoretically investigated with the ray-optics model. The numerical results show that the lateral trapping forces can be changed by shrinking the diameter of the trapping laser beam. The numerical results are in accordance with the experimental results..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 011403 (2014)
Optical Devices
An investigation on optical microfiber reflector with low reflectance
Yang Yu, Xueliang Zhang, Zhangqi Song, Zhengtong Wei, and Zhou Meng
The backscattering characteristics of optical microfiber (OM) are experimentally studied by controlling heating temperature and cooling method during the OM fabrication process. OM samples with various reflectances from 0.1% to 1% are achieved. An OM with waist length of 5 mm, waist diameter of 1 \mu m, and approximateThe backscattering characteristics of optical microfiber (OM) are experimentally studied by controlling heating temperature and cooling method during the OM fabrication process. OM samples with various reflectances from 0.1% to 1% are achieved. An OM with waist length of 5 mm, waist diameter of 1 \mu m, and approximately 0.5% reflectance is used as the end reflector of a fiber Fabry-Perol (F-P) interferometer. A piezoelectric ceramic transducer (PZT) fiber phase modulator is used to test the sensing performance of the fiber F-P interferometer. Experimental results verify that the OM with low reflectance can be used as a reflector in the F-P interferometer..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 012301 (2014)
Realization of high-performance blue organic light-emitting diodes using multi-emissive layers
Ju-An Yoon, You-Hyun Kim, Nam Ho, Chul Gyu, Song Eun, Young Kwan, Fu Rong, and Woo Young
High-performance blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are developed. A concept of using multiple-emissive layer (EML) configuration is adopted. In this letter, bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate)-4-(phenylphenolato)Al (BAlq) and 9,10-di(naphtha-2-yl)anthracene (ADN), which serve n- and p-type EMLs, respectively, are usHigh-performance blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are developed. A concept of using multiple-emissive layer (EML) configuration is adopted. In this letter, bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate)-4-(phenylphenolato)Al (BAlq) and 9,10-di(naphtha-2-yl)anthracene (ADN), which serve n- and p-type EMLs, respectively, are used to evaluate and demonstrate the multi-EML concept for blue OLEDs. The thickness effect of individual EMLs and the number of EMLs, e.g., triple and quadruple EML components, on the power efficiency of blue OLEDs are systematically investigated. To illustrate the point, the total thickness of the emissive region in different blue OLEDs are kept contact at 30 nm for comparison. The power efficiency of blue OLEDs with a quadruple EML structure of BAlq/ADN/BAlq/ADN is about 40% higher than that of blue OLEDs having a single EML unit. The Commission Internationale deL'eclairage color coordinates of multi-EML OLEDs have values that represent the average of blue emissions from individual EMLs of BAlq and ADN..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 012302 (2014)
A fast-response in-plane switching liquid crystal display with a protrusion structure
Yanfeng Li, Yubao Sun, and Yanli Zhao
The widespread use and application of in-plane switching liquid crystal displays (IPS-LCDs) is limited by their slow response. In this letter, a fast-response IPS-LCD with a protrusion structure is proposed. The gray-to-gray response time of the IPS-LCD is reduced by 20% to 30%. The difference in cell gap induced by thThe widespread use and application of in-plane switching liquid crystal displays (IPS-LCDs) is limited by their slow response. In this letter, a fast-response IPS-LCD with a protrusion structure is proposed. The gray-to-gray response time of the IPS-LCD is reduced by 20% to 30%. The difference in cell gap induced by the protrusion accounts for the faster response. Moreover, the viewing angle and gamma shift of the proposed IPS-LCD are simulated and found to be better than that of conventional IPS-LCDs..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 012303 (2014)
Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Secure and noise-free holographic encryption with a quick-response code
Zhenbo Ren, Ping Su, Jianshe Ma, and Guofan Jin
In holographic encryption, double random-phase encoding in the Fresnel domain (DRPEiFD) is a prevalent encryption method because it is lensless and secure. However, noises bring adverse effects during decryption. In this letter, we introduce quick-response (QR) coding during encryption to resist noises. We transform thIn holographic encryption, double random-phase encoding in the Fresnel domain (DRPEiFD) is a prevalent encryption method because it is lensless and secure. However, noises bring adverse effects during decryption. In this letter, we introduce quick-response (QR) coding during encryption to resist noises. We transform the original information into a QR code and then encrypt the code as a hologram through DRPEiFD. To retrieve the input, we decrypt the hologram in the opposite manner to the encryption and subsequently obtain a QR code with noises. By scanning this code with proper applications in smartphones, we can obtain a noise-free retrieval. Numerical experiments and images scanned by a smartphone are shown to validate our proposed method..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Dec. 25, 2013
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 010601 (2014)
Optical f iber sensor based on the short-range surface plasmon polariton mode
Xiaoyan Wang, Fang Liu, Ao Liu, Boyu Fan, Kaiyu Cui, Xue Feng, Wei Zhang, and Yidong Huang
An optical fiber sensor for ultrathin layer sensing based on short-range surface plasmon polariton (SRSPP) is proposed, and the sensing characteristics are theoretically analyzed. Simulation results indicate that even for a detecting layer much thinner than the vacuum wavelength, a resolution as high as 3.7\times 10-6 An optical fiber sensor for ultrathin layer sensing based on short-range surface plasmon polariton (SRSPP) is proposed, and the sensing characteristics are theoretically analyzed. Simulation results indicate that even for a detecting layer much thinner than the vacuum wavelength, a resolution as high as 3.7\times 10-6 RIU can be obtained. Moreover, an average thickness-detection sensitivity of 6.2 dB/nm is obtained, which enables the sensor to detect the thickness variation of the ultrathin layer up to tens of nanometers. The sensitive region of thickness could be adjusted by tuning the structure parameters..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 010602 (2014)
Dispersion compensation properties of dual-concentric core photonic crystal fibers
Lihong Han, Liming Liu, Zhongyuan Yu, Huijie Zhao, Xin Song, Jinhong Mu, Xiu Wu, Junjie Long, and Xi Liu
The dispersion compensation properties of dual-concentric core photonic crystal fibers are theoretically investigated in this letter. The effects of geometric structure on the dispersion properties of dual-concentric core photonic crystal fibers are carefully studied by finite element method. The first layer of holes aThe dispersion compensation properties of dual-concentric core photonic crystal fibers are theoretically investigated in this letter. The effects of geometric structure on the dispersion properties of dual-concentric core photonic crystal fibers are carefully studied by finite element method. The first layer of holes around the core area is enlarged in a new manner with the near-core point fixed. Considering the tradeoff among several parameters, results show that the dispersion compensation wavelength and strength can be tuned to desired values by constructing an appropriate design of the geometric structure of photonic crystal fibers..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 010603 (2014)
160-Gb/s NRZ-DQPSK optical transmission system employing QC-LDPC code
Sha Li, Chongxiu Yu, Zhe Kang, Gerald Farrell, and Qiang Wu
A quasi-cyclic low-density parity check (QC-LDPC) code is constructed by an improved stability of the shortest cycle algorithm for 160-Gb/s non-return zero differential quadrature phase shift keying (NRZ-DQPSK) optical transmission system with the fiber-based optical parametric amplifier (FOPA). The QC-LDPC code with sA quasi-cyclic low-density parity check (QC-LDPC) code is constructed by an improved stability of the shortest cycle algorithm for 160-Gb/s non-return zero differential quadrature phase shift keying (NRZ-DQPSK) optical transmission system with the fiber-based optical parametric amplifier (FOPA). The QC-LDPC code with stability of the shortest cycle reduces the bit error ratio (BER) to 10-14 and restrains the error floor effectively..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 010604 (2014)
Ultra-high-speed single red–green–blue light-emitting diode-based visible light communication system utilizing advanced modulation formats
Nan Chi, Yuanquan Wang, Yiguang Wang, Xingxing Huang, and Xiaoyuan Lu
We report a 3.75-Gb/s visible light communication (VLC) system thatusessingle-carrier frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE) based on a single red–green–blue (RGB) light-emitting diode (LED), with the measured bit error rates (BERs) under a pre-forward-error-correction threshold of 3.8 \times 10-3. The fundamental charWe report a 3.75-Gb/s visible light communication (VLC) system thatusessingle-carrier frequency-domain equalization (SC-FDE) based on a single red–green–blue (RGB) light-emitting diode (LED), with the measured bit error rates (BERs) under a pre-forward-error-correction threshold of 3.8 \times 10-3. The fundamental characteristics of an RGB-LED-based VLC system are measured. We also compare SC-FDE with OFDM in terms of peak-to-average power ratio and BER performance, which shows that SC-FDE outperforms the OFDM modulation scheme..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 010605 (2014)
Imaging Systems
Viewing angle-enhanced integral imaging system using three lens arrays
Wei Xie, Yazhou Wang, Huan Deng, and Qionghua Wang
We propose an integral imaging system that uses three lens arrays, including two convex lens arrays and a concave lens array. Compared with the conventional integral imaging system, the proposed system can remarkably enhance the viewing angle. The maximum viewing angle can be enlarged to 48o, which is 4.8 times wider tWe propose an integral imaging system that uses three lens arrays, including two convex lens arrays and a concave lens array. Compared with the conventional integral imaging system, the proposed system can remarkably enhance the viewing angle. The maximum viewing angle can be enlarged to 48o, which is 4.8 times wider than that of the conventional system. The principle of the proposed system is elucidated, and the experimental results are presented in this letter..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Dec. 05, 2013
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 011101 (2014)
Imaging through aberrating media by computational ghost imaging with incoherent light
Yinzuo Zhang, Jianhong Shi, Hu Li, and Guihua Zeng
We demonstrate a series of experiments on imaging through both stationary aberrating media and moving aberrating media by computational ghost imaging (CGI). An incoherent LED light source is used instead of the common pseudothermal light source (laser light passing through a rotating ground glass). A digital micromirroWe demonstrate a series of experiments on imaging through both stationary aberrating media and moving aberrating media by computational ghost imaging (CGI). An incoherent LED light source is used instead of the common pseudothermal light source (laser light passing through a rotating ground glass). A digital micromirror device is used as a simple spatial light modulator to perform CGI. Moreover, a digital filtering method is introduced to improve imaging quality through moving aberrating media. This imaging modality may have potential applications in medicine and astronomy..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 011102 (2014)
Optoelectronics
Tunneling in submicron CMOS single-photon avalanche diodes
Mohammad Azim, Armin Amiri-Sani, and Mohammad Hamzeh
Tunneling is studied in two main single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) topologies, which are n-tub guard ring (NTGR) and p-tub guard ring (PTGR). Device simulation, I-V measurements, and dark count calculations and measurements demonstrate that tunneling is the main source of noise in NTGR, but it is less dominant in PTTunneling is studied in two main single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) topologies, which are n-tub guard ring (NTGR) and p-tub guard ring (PTGR). Device simulation, I-V measurements, and dark count calculations and measurements demonstrate that tunneling is the main source of noise in NTGR, but it is less dominant in PTGR SPADs. All structures are characterized with respect to dark noise, photon detection probability, timing jitter, afterpulsing probability, and breakdown voltage. Noise performance is disturbed because of tunneling, whereas jitter performance is disturbed because of the short diffusion time of photo-generated minority carriers in NTGR SPADs. The maximum photon detection probability is enhanced because of an improvement in absorption thickness..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Dec. 25, 2013
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 012501 (2014)
Materials
A strong green-emitting phosphor: K3Gd(PO4)2:Tb3+ for UV-excited white light-emitting-diodes
Tingming Jiang, Xue Yu, Xuhui Xu, Hongling Yu, Dacheng Zhou, and Jianbei Qiu
K3Gd(PO4)2:Tb3+ phosphors are synthesized by the solid reaction method, and the phases and luminescence properties of the obtained phosphors are well characterized. The emission spectra of K3Gd(PO4)2:Tb3+ exhibit the typical emissions of Tb3+. Concentration quenching of Tb3+ is not observed in K3Gd(PO4)2:Tb3+, likely bK3Gd(PO4)2:Tb3+ phosphors are synthesized by the solid reaction method, and the phases and luminescence properties of the obtained phosphors are well characterized. The emission spectra of K3Gd(PO4)2:Tb3+ exhibit the typical emissions of Tb3+. Concentration quenching of Tb3+ is not observed in K3Gd(PO4)2:Tb3+, likely because the shortest average distance of Tb3+–Tb3+ in K3Gd(PO4)2:Tb3+ is adequately long such that energy transfer between Tb3+–Tb3+ ions cannot take place effectively. This result indicates that K3Tb(PO4)2 phosphors have potential application in near ultraviolet (n-UV)-convertible phosphors for white light-emitting diodes..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Dec. 05, 2013
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 011601 (2014)
Optical Design and Fabrication
Innovative light-collecting module using prismatic array structures
Allen Jong, Cheng-Ming Chang, Chun-Han Chou, Chia-Min Lin, Shih-Min Chao, Kai-Cyuan Jhan, and Ming Cheng
Presently, energy conservation and carbon dioxide emission reduction have become increasingly important because of global warming. Using solar energy, which is considered as one of the most important renewable energy sources, does not only decrease the consumption of fossil fuels, but also slows down the pace of globalPresently, energy conservation and carbon dioxide emission reduction have become increasingly important because of global warming. Using solar energy, which is considered as one of the most important renewable energy sources, does not only decrease the consumption of fossil fuels, but also slows down the pace of global warming. For indoor illumination, our team has developed a technique called "Natural Light Illumination." Instead of using solar cells, our system directly guides sunlight into the interior of a structure. However, the efficiency of the light-collecting module is still low. To address this problem, we propose a new light-collecting module based on a prism array structure with high efficiency. We use optical simulation tools to design and simulate the efficiency of the module, which is found to be 57%. This value is higher than that of the original concentrator (i.e., 11%)..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Dec. 25, 2013
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 012201 (2014)
Optics at Surfaces
Tuning the focusing spot of plasmonic nanolens by aspect ratio under linear polarization
Shuiyan Cao, Weixing Yu, Cheng Wang, and Yongqi Fu
A new plasmonic nanolens that can be tuned by varying the circular structure into an elliptical annulus and the aspect ratio from 1 to 0.1 and 1 to 2, respectively, is proposed. Using the rigorous finite-difference and time-domain algorithm, we find that when the aspect ratio ranges from 1 to 0.1, a good linear relatioA new plasmonic nanolens that can be tuned by varying the circular structure into an elliptical annulus and the aspect ratio from 1 to 0.1 and 1 to 2, respectively, is proposed. Using the rigorous finite-difference and time-domain algorithm, we find that when the aspect ratio ranges from 1 to 0.1, a good linear relationship exists between the aspect ratio and focusing spot size at the full-width at half-maximum in the x- and y-directions, respectively. The corresponding calculated FWHM ranges from 96 × 126 (nm) to 15 \times 52 (nm) (Full Width at Half Maximum)..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 08, 2014
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 012401 (2014)
Scattering
Scattering of on-axis polarized Gaussian light beam by spheroidal water coating aerosol particle
Xianming Sun, and Haihua Wang
Small particle light scattering can produce light with polarization characteristics different from those of the incident beam. An analytical solution to the scattering by a spheroid with inclusion for an on-axis polarized Gaussian beam incidence is provided within the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory framework. The shapesSmall particle light scattering can produce light with polarization characteristics different from those of the incident beam. An analytical solution to the scattering by a spheroid with inclusion for an on-axis polarized Gaussian beam incidence is provided within the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory framework. The shapes of the inclusion can be spherical, confocal spheroid, or non-confocal spheroid. The Muller scattering matrix elements are computed for plane wave incidence or Gaussian light beam incidence. The effect of the size and shape of the inclusion or the coating on the polarized Gaussian light scattering characteristics by a spheroidal water coating aerosol particle are computed and analyzed..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Dec. 25, 2013
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 012901 (2014)
Vision, Color, and Visual Optics
Estimation of tunneling effect caused by luminance non-uniformity in head-up displays
Vinod Karar, and Smarajit Ghosh
Head-up displays (HUDs) enable a pilot to manage aircraft activities by facilitating simultaneous access to the flight instrument data and to the outside scene. However, HUDs can also distract a pilot. This study shows that HUD luminance non-uniformity may force inappropriate distribution of attention between the eventHead-up displays (HUDs) enable a pilot to manage aircraft activities by facilitating simultaneous access to the flight instrument data and to the outside scene. However, HUDs can also distract a pilot. This study shows that HUD luminance non-uniformity may force inappropriate distribution of attention between the events shown on HUD symbology and the outside scene because of the resultant differential contrast in the display area. Results of statistical analysis demonstrate considerable effects of HUD image luminance and ambient luminance, as well as their interaction, on the detection of events displayed on an HUD and the outside scene..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 013301 (2014)
X-Ray Optics
A four-channel multilayer KB microscope for high-resolution 8-keV X-ray imaging in laser-plasma diagnostics
Shengzhen Yi, Baozhong Mu, Xin Wang, Jingtao Zhu, Li Jiang, Zhanshan Wang, and Pengfei He
A four-channel multilayer Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) microscope is developed for the 8-keV X-ray imaging of experiments on laser inertial confinement fusion (ICF). A periodic multilayer that works at 8 keV and with a grazing incidence angle of 1.0o is coated on reflective surfaces to achieve a spatial resolution higher thanA four-channel multilayer Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) microscope is developed for the 8-keV X-ray imaging of experiments on laser inertial confinement fusion (ICF). A periodic multilayer that works at 8 keV and with a grazing incidence angle of 1.0o is coated on reflective surfaces to achieve a spatial resolution higher than 5 \mu m and an effective solid angle higher than ~10-7 sr. A precise assembly is realized by a conical reference cone to couple with an X-ray framing camera. This study provides detailed information on an optical and multilayer design, assembly method, and experimental results with a Cu X-ray tube. The instrument provides a high-resolution and high-throughput X-ray image for backlit or self-emission imaging of laser plasma at Cu K\alpha line radiation in Shenguang series laser facilities..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Dec. 25, 2013
- Vol. 12, Issue 1, 013401 (2014)
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