Fig. 1. Finite element simulation flowchart of friction stir welding (FSW) and laser peening (LP) composite process
Fig. 2. Finite element model. (a) Overall model; (b) meshing strategy
Fig. 3. Schematics of model boundary conditions. (a) Heat transfer analysis; (b) stress evolution analysis
Fig. 4. Diagram of pressure change over time
[21] Fig. 5. Laser peening strategy
Fig. 6. Simulated stress distribution. (a) Whole stress distribution; (b) cross-sectional metallographic diagram
[25]; (c) cross-sectional stress distribution
Fig. 7. Comparison of experimental and simulated residual stress in the Y-axis direction after treating by friction stir welding. (a) Z=0 mm; (b) Z=6.4 mm
Fig. 8. Schematic of advancing side (AS) and retreating side (RS) of the friction stir welded plate
Fig. 9. Comparison of experimental and simulated residual stress in the Y-axis direction after treating by composite processing
Fig. 10. Residual stress distributions of welded sheet treated by different processes. (a) Friction stir welding; (b) laser peening; (c) friction stir welding+laser peening
Fig. 11. Comparison of simulated residual stress of welded sheet treated by different processes. (a) Data extraction paths; (b) residual stress along X direction; (c) residual stress along Y direction; (d) residual stress along Z direction
Fig. 12. Comparison of simulated residual stress under different initial tensile stress states. (a) Data extraction path; (b) comparison chart of residual stress; (c) change trend of residual stress reduction value
Fig. 13. Attenuation trend graph of stress wave. (a) Laser peening; (b) friction stir welding+laser peening
Fig. 14. Comparison chart of absolute peak stress
Stirring head shoulder radius /mm | Stirring needle radius /mm | Stirring needle height /mm | Feed rate /(mm·s-1) | Rotational speed /(r·min-1) |
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20 | 7.5 | 12.5 | 2.5 | 300 |
|
Table 1. Simulation parameters for friction stir welding
A /MPa | B /MPa | C | n |
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500 | 362 | 0.013 | 0.922 |
|
Table 2. Johnson-Cook model parameters of 2195 aluminum lithium alloy