With the improvement of the camera resolution, it is necessary to improve the temperature level and temperature stability of the main body of the camera and to cool the detector to a lower temperature for infrared camera. However, the thermal environment of the geostationary orbit space is complex, the optical system of the camera is exposed to light for a long time and there has no long-term shadow side, which brings great challenges to the thermal control design of the camera. Combined with the characteristics of the geostationary orbit thermal environment and the imaging requirements of the camera, the shield & thermal cover were adopted to effectively shield the influence of the external heat flow, so as to control the temperature of the main optical system within (20±3) ℃, which provided temperature guarantee for the camera imaging time not less than 20 h/d. The high-efficiency heat insulation technology and high-efficiency heat dissipation technology were also adopted to control the detector below 80 K, which met the temperature requirements of the detector at imaging mode. The ground test and on-orbit data show that the thermal control design of the camera is reasonable and feasible, which provides a strong support for the subsequent high-precision temperature control of the high orbit infrared camera.