Refat Moamen S.1、1; *;, Salman Mahmoud2、2;, El-Didamony Akram M.3、3;, Fetooh Hammad3、3;, Abd El-Maksoud Eman S.E.3、3;, and El-Sayed Mohamed Y.3、3; 4;
Author Affiliations
11. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia22. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, P.O. Box 20 Ma’an, Jordan33. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egyptshow less
Fig. 1. Structure of Rhodamine C (RHC)
Fig. 2. Statistical representation for antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized complexes
Fig. 3. Modes of the chelation of RHC complexes (where M=Eu(Ⅲ), La(Ⅲ), Nd(Ⅲ) and Ce(Ⅲ), and X=2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively)
Fig. 4. Excitation and emission spectra of rhodamine C
a: Excitation spectrum (λem=508 nm); b: Emission spectrum (λex=550 nm)
Fig. 5. Fluorescence spectra of rhodamine C in absence and presence of varying concentration of Gd3+(λex=550 nm)
a: Without Gd3+; b: 2×10-5 mol·L-2; c: 4×10-5 mol·L-1
Fig. 6. Fluorescence spectra of rhodamine C in absence and presence of varying concentration of La3+ (λex=550 nm)
a: Without La3+; b: 2×10-5 mol·L-2; c: 4×10-5 mol·L-1
Fig. 7. Fluorescence spectra of rhodamine C in absence and presence of varying concentration of Ce3+ (λex=550 nm)
a: Without Ce3+; b: 2×10-5 mol·L-2; c: 4×10-5 mol·L-1
Fig. 8. Fluorescence spectra of rhodamine C in absence and presence of varying concentration of Tb3+ (λex=550 nm)
a: Without Tb3+; b: 2×10-5 mol·L-2; c: 4×10-5 mol·L-1
Fig. 9. Fluorescence spectra of rhodamine C in absence and presence of varying concentration of Th4+ (λex=550 nm)
a: Without Th3+; b: 2×10-5 mol·L-2; c: 4×10-5 mol·L-1
Complexes | Color | Content ((calculated) found) | ΛM/ (Ω-1·cm2·mol-1) |
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%C | %H | %N | %M |
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[Ce(RHC)(NO3)2]·5H2O | Bright yellow | (41.94) 41.36 | (4.36) 4.41 | (6.99) 6.36 | (17.47) 17.90 | 19 | [Eu(RHC)(NO3)2]·2H2O | Dark yellow | (44.26) 44.50 | (4.61) 4.49 | (7.37) 7.23 | (20.02) 20.42 | 15 | [Nd(RHC)(NO3)2]·4H2O | Orange | (42.69) 42.88 | (4.44) 4.23 | (7.11) 7.21 | (18.55) 18.41 | 9 | [La(RHC)(NO3)2]·3H2O | Reddish brown | (43.97) 43.33 | (4.58) 4.28 | (7.32) 7.69 | (18.19) 18.57 | 14 |
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Table 1. Elemental and physical data of Rhodamine C metal complexes
Complexes | νas(COO-) | νs(COO-) | Δ | ν(C=O), COOH | ν(M—O) |
---|
RHC | 1 588 | 1 338 | 250 | 1 704 | - | Ce(Ⅲ)complex | 1 601 | 1 399 | 202 | - | 476, 550 | Eu(Ⅲ)complex | 1 597 | 1 385 | 212 | - | 568,496 | Nd(Ⅲ)complex | 1 599 | 1 383 | 216 | - | 532, 474 | La(Ⅲ)complex | 1 598 | 1 383 | 215 | - | 564, 480 |
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Table 2. IR Frequencies of RHC and the Ce(Ⅲ), Eu(Ⅲ), Nd(Ⅲ), and La(Ⅲ) complexes
Tested compounds | Diameter of inhibition zone/cm |
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B.subtilis | E. coli | P. rotatum | A. niger |
---|
Control (DMSO) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Ce(Ⅲ) complex | 1.5 | 0 | 0.7 | 0 | Eu(Ⅲ) complex | 0.5 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | Nd(Ⅲ) complex | 0.7 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.6 | La(Ⅲ) complex | 0.6 | 0 | 0.4 | 1.2 |
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Table 3. Antimicrobial activity of the synthesized complexes