Author Affiliations
1Thales LAS France, 78990Élancourt, France2Thales Systems Romania, 060071București, Romania3Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics, ‘Horia Hulubei’ National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 077125Bucharest Magurele, Romania4University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 077125Bucharest Magurele, Romaniashow less
Fig. 1. Block diagram of FE and one amplification arm with the three corresponding outputs: 100 TW at 10 Hz, 1 PW at 1 Hz, and 10 PW at 1 shot/min repetition rate.
Fig. 2. Venteon oscillator spectrum.
Fig. 3. CPA1 and XPW spectra.
Fig. 4. Near-field spatial intensity profile of the picosecond pulses: (a) before beam shaping device; (b) after beam shaping device.
Fig. 5. Near-field beam intensity profile of the 532 nm picosecond pump laser for OPCPA.
Fig. 6. Evolution of the 800 nm broadband beam spatial intensity profile through the FE. The FE near-field intensity and far-field intensity profiles were measured at the output of the second OPCPA stage.
Fig. 7. Stability of the OPCPA spectrum over 7 h continuous operation. The red curve is the average of the data acquired at 10 min intervals that we represented by the gray curves.
Fig. 8. FE contrast assessment. By blocking the device input, the limitation of the measurement device sensitivity has been evaluated in the range of 10–13.
Fig. 9. The typical beam profile of the pump lasers.
Fig. 10. Pulse temporal profile of the ATLAS 100 laser, 50 ns/div; delay between laser pulses was set at 50 ns; the entire FWHM pulse duration, for combined pulses, is about 70 ns.
Fig. 11. The beam profile at the output of each main amplifier.
Fig. 12. Schematic configuration of the high-energy Ti:sapphire amplification arm.
Fig. 13. Spectral bandwidth management through the high-energy Ti:sapphire amplifiers: (a) typical reflectivity and dispersion of the spectral filters at 45° angle of incidence; (b) simulation of 100 μJ energy, Gaussian spectrum seed pulse (blue line) propagation through five chirped pulse amplifiers to reach 90 J output pulse energy, with spectral shaping mirrors (gray line) and without spectral shaping mirrors (red line).
Fig. 14. Evolution of the spectrum through the high-power Ti:sapphire amplifiers
Fig. 15. The HPLS 10 PW compressor and diagnostics diagram; the inset is a picture of one of the two ELI-NP 10 PW compressors using the meter size gratings. D.M., deformable mirror; WFS, wavefront sensor; CCD-NF, near-field CCD; CCD-FF, far-field CCD; AUTO-CO, single-shot autocorrelator; CROSS-CO, third-order cross-correlator.
Fig. 16. Extraction efficiency for the 10 PW level amplifier AMP3.2.
Fig. 17. Wizzler measurements: (a) flat spectral phase and more than 70 nm spectral bandwidth; (b) reconstructed pulse with τ = 22.7 FWHM duration.
Fig. 18. Contrast measurements at the output of the HPLS for the different amplification levels.
Fig. 19. Measured data from the wavefront sensor and far-field camera on the 10 PW diagnostic bench. The wavefront map shows a wavefront error of 0.05 μm RMS. The calculated PSF from the measured irradiance map and wavefront map shows an SR of 0.9. Far-field profile confirms the good focusability of the beam.
Fig. 20. Long-term stability test for the 1 PW level amplifier during 1 day of operation showing the energy of all the shots before compression.
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| Input | Used/available | Output | Energy | Beam |
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AMP | energy | pump energy | energy | stability | size |
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AMP1.1 | 0.5 mJ | 110 mJ/200 mJ | 25 mJ | < 3% RMS | 2 mm | AMP1.2 | 25 mJ | 11 J/14.2 J | 3.5 J | < 3% RMS | 28 mm | AMP2 | 2 J | 85 J/96 J | 35 J | < 2% RMS | 55 mm | AMP3.1 | 20 J | 180 J/200 J | 80 J | < 2% RMS | 90 mm | AMP3.2 | 80 J | 480 J/600 J | 327 J | < 1.8% RMS | 130 mm |
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Table 1. Main beam parameters at each amplification level during the 10 PW operation.
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| 100 TW | 1 PW | 10 PW |
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Beam size at the deformable mirror | 28 mm | 55 mm | 130 mm | Deformable mirror size | 50 mm | 100 mm | 180 mm | Optimum beam diameter for correction | 20–30 mm | 40–60 mm | 125–180 mm | Number of actuators | 25 | 43 | 58 |
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Table 2. Beam size and deformable mirror characteristics.
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Output type | 100 TW | 1 PW | 10 PW |
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Pulse energy (J)a | 2.7 | 25 | 243 | Pulse duration (fs)b | <25 | <24 | <23 | Repetition rate (Hz) | 10 | 1 | 1/60 | Calculated SR from measured wavefront | >0.9 | >0.9 | >0.9 | Pointing stability (μrad RMS)c | <3.4 | <1.78 | <1.27 | Pulse energy stability (RMS)c | <2.6% | <1.8% | <1.8% | FE demonstrated ps contrastd | In the range of 1013:1 |
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Table 3. Measured parameters of the HPLS.
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Parameter | Value |
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Average value | 300.5 J | Maximum value | 305 J | Minimum value | 254 J | RMS stability | 1.798% | Point-to-point stability | 17.14% | Standard deviation | 5.4 J |
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Table 4. Stability test for the 10 PW level amplifier running for 90 min at 300 J.