In order to improve the detector array target laser power density measurement range and incident angle tolerance, starting from the protective sampling attenuation structure, based on the theory of total reflection and transmission scattering, we design a protective sampling structure composed by gold-plated copper base panel, fiber optic sampling, and scattering attenuation. At the same time, the designed structure is applied to detector array target system. Through thermal analysis of laser irradiation target, ray tracing simulation, and laser point-by-point scanning experiment, the anti-laser damage ability, angle characteristics, and channel response consistency of the system are analyzed and tested. The results show that the protective sampling attenuation structure can withstand long time irradiation of high power density laser. When the incidence angle ranges from 0° to 30°, the deviation of measured angle characteristic coefficient with respect to normal incidence is less than 4% after cosine correction. The standard deviation of response inconsistency among channel units all less than 2%.