Miniature spectrometer is one of the main research directions in recent years. For the design requirements of the miniature spectrometer data acquisition system, the high-resolution data acquisition system was designed using TCD1304DG linear CCD. The system used FPGA EP4CE15 as the controlling core, the Analog Front End(AFE) chip as the main chip of the signal processing. The AFE chip integrated Programmable Gain Amplifier(PGA) and 16-bit analog-digital convertor. High-speed data transmission circuit with USB2.0, the PC software of the spectral acquisition were designed, which realized the real-time processing of spectral data. The designed scheme of miniature integrated circuit meets the characteristics and requirements of the spectrometer of miniaturized and is portable to be used.