In this paper, a detail description of a new method which could directly display the atomic hyperfine structures (hfs) in space is given and the observation of the two hfs of the 32P1/2 state of Na is reported. When a chipped divergent atomic beam interacts with a chipped divergent laser beam in space, atoms will be excited to upper state and then emit fluorescence, if Doppler frequency shift equals the difference between the atomic transition frequency and the laser frequency. Both calculated and experimental results show that the fluorescence loci is an arc. The number of filuorescenoe bands indicated the number of tlie hfs, while the positions and the widths of fluorescence bands represent the splittings of the hfs and the velocity distribution of atoms in the atomic beam respectively. The fluorescence loot corresponding to the transitions from the 32s(1/2) state to tho 32p(1/2) state of Na have been studied. The photographs show two distinctly separated fluoresoenoa bands, and the interval between these two bands is in good agreement with the calculation.