The technology of near infrared spectrum,marked by its convenience and effectiveness,which has been applied extensively in lithological analysis,is suitable for component analysis of regional geology,due to its superiority in analyzing numerous samples in a relatively short time.Since different mineral molecule peaks will show different characters when being analyzed in the near infrared spectrum,we can acquire the information about the mineral composition,water content,mineral crystallinity and etc.In this passage,the soil from the surface of Hetao Plain has been analyzed,and in this case,we can obtain the information about the mineral composition,water content,mineral crystallinity and etc.Referring the features of local environment and climate,we could surmise the source of the minerals in soil and the environment where they formed.The result not only consummates the geological characterization of Hetao area,but also has great significance revealing mechanism of soil-formation in Hetao area.The result shows that the soil from surface of Hetao Plain is mainly composed by altered minerals,such as kaolinite,smectite,ledikite,muscovite etc,and is presumed to be from acidic rock mass of the Yinshan mountains.The passage also indicates that the Yinshan mountains have great impact on the formation of the soil on Hetao Plain in the aspect of climate,for example,though the climate of inner Mongolia is continental arid climate,enough rainfall and the substantial differences in mean annual precipitation ensure the relatively moist environment in this area,and make the sediments altered adequately,proposing new aspects about exploring the mechanism of the soil-formation in Hetao area.