To acquire the high-accuracy of samples from the computer color matching, a novel color matching method was proposed in this paper which combines chemical component analysis with computer color matching. The kernel of this method is to select the inks that are most similar to the printing inks of target colors, thus the high-accuracy color matching is achieved. This method can provide a new referential direction for future development of computer color matching. The verification of color matching effects was conducted using inks that were similar to target colors in composition. The target colors were firstly printed by printing inks, and then the color matching was carried out using the same printing inks to maintain the consistency between target colors and test colors of printing inks. In this paper, three different brands of printing inks were used to match colors with target colors, and the accuracy and efficiency of computer color matching from those printing inks were compared intuitively. The target colors were printed using three different colors Silian ink in arbitrarily proportions and volume, and they were obtained by using IGT-C1 printability tester (IGT Inc.,Netherlands), and these target colorsranges included secondary and tertiary colors, with each color range having three samples, respectively. Three primary printing inks Cyan, Magenta and Yellow of three brands of printing inks—Silian, Dongyang and Mudan were used as basic inks to establish the fundamental database by X-Rite color matching software (X-Rite Inc., America), and then different target colors were matched with foundational database of three brands of printing inks respectively. The results showed that the color matching accuracy of the Silian ink outperformed the other two brands of printing inks because of the fact that Silian ink was used as the printing inks of target colors, and the holistic color differences of Silian ink were the smallest among the three brands of printing inks and the color differences less than 1.0 were achieved just after one or tw-ice corrections. The smallest color difference was acquired even 0.36 and from the spectrum matching, which implied that Silian ink almost achieved isomeric match with the target color. This experiment has verified the feasibility of the emphasis of component analysis—computer color matching method, which picks the most similar inks to the printing inks of target colors so that we can achieve a high-precision color matching. The chemical analytical tool assessing the difference between printing inks of target colors and color-matching test colors. To distinguish the printing inks of target colors and color-matching test colors from the component levels, the infrared spectral similarity was used as an analytical tool in this paper. The spectra of printing inks of three colors of the three brands were measured by the Thermo Nicolet 6700 Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, USA), and the infrared spectral similarities of the printing inks of target colors and color-matching were all obtained and then their average similarities were also calculated by the OMNIC software. Through the comparison between the infrared spectral similarities of different brands of printing inks and the precision of computer color matching experiment, the rationality and validity of the infrared spectra as a chemical analytical discriminant tool to evaluate similarity between inks of target colors and color-matching colors was verified. The results indicated that the similarity between spectra of Silian inks and printing inks of target colors was the highest and even reached 100%, while Dongyang inks offered a high similarity of 86.53%, and Mudan inks provided the lowest similarity of 64.63%. The results showed that when the number of correction was the same, taking color difference as the criteria of judgment, the color differences of color matching for Silian ink were the smallest and it meant this ink provided the highest accuracy of color -matching; and Dongyang ink took the second place, and its color differences were about twice as large as Silian ink; and the Mudan ink showed the highest color differences, and its color differences were three times more than those of the Silian ink. The result of computer color matching experiment was consistent with infrared spectral similarities results, and the principle suggested that the higher the infrared spectral similarity between printing inks of target colors and test colors was, the easier high precision color matching sample could be received. Conclusion and Prospect: The feasibility of the new color matching method which combines the component analysis and computer color matching to gain the high-accuracy color-matching samples was proved by experiments and result analysis. Use the infrared spectral similarity as an analysis tool to distinguish the difference in components between the printing inks of target colors and test colors is feasible, which can be an effective criterion for determining the color matching accuracy. Future research will focus on probing into the correlative numerical relationship between infrared spectral similarity and color-matching precision, and further seeking more effective chemical analytical method to estimate the componential relationship between printing inks of target colors and color-matching test colors.