The coupling efficiency of non-uniformly correlated beams through atmospheric turbulence was studied. The results show that the fiber coupling efficiency of such beams is higher than that of the traditional Gaussian Schell-model beam; and the regulation of the coherence length of such beams can improve the fiber coupling efficiency; for different transmission distances, the optimization of the coupling efficiency can be achieved by adjusting the coherence length of such beams. Moreover, the effect of the light source parameters: beam waist and wavelength; coupling lens parameters: received aperture and focal length; turbulence intensity on the coupling efficiency of optical fiber was also discussed. The results show that the application of optical field correlation structure manipulation technology in improving the coupling efficiency of optical fiber has important value in the field of free space optical communication.