Physical-optical properties of aerosols in the pollution haze weather are analyzed, and the main ingredients of PM2.5 is studied, including ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid, ammonium nitrate and carbonaceous aerosol particles. The scattering characteristics of the particles in haze are studied by using Mie theory, and the properties of scattering, absorption, extinction efficiency factor and scattering phase function of the above four components are analyzed. Results show that ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid and ammonium nitrate particles have strong-scattering effect, but slight absorbtion effect, and the scattering efficiency factor attenuates oscillatorily with the increase of size parameter, eventually close to constant 2, while the carbonaceous aerosol particles show a greater absorption effect. Finally, by comparing scattering phase functions of different particles with the different radius, it shows that the phase function of particle is more sensitive to size and complex refractive index, and the forward and backward scattering has a certain degree of symmetry. The results can be used for optical remote sensing monitoring of air pollution.